| A | B |
|---|
| Renaissance | The rebirth of knowledge and learning in Europe during the 1300's to the 1600's C.E.; the dark ages were now over and the "light bulb" has turned back on in Europe |
| Humanism | An intellectual movement begun in Italy in the 1300s which was characterized by renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman literature, history and art. |
| Printing Press | Developed by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-1400s, this invention used movable metal type and revolutionized publishing during the Renaissance |
| Unification | The joining together of territories under one central government; nation building |
| Purgatory | a place believed by some Christians to be between heaven and hell, where dead souls were sent to remove or purge their sins before they could enter heaven |
| Reformation | The change or reform of the Catholic Church begun by Martin Luther that led to the establishment of Protestant churches in Europe |
| Patron (of the arts) | A wealthy person or organization who hires artists to paint, build, and/or decorate during the Renaissance |
| Johannes Guttenberg | Founder/ Creator of the printing press. It was important because people of the Renaissance could now make books available to everyone. The books were in Greek and Latin (from Ancient Greece and Rome - hence the rebirth of knowledge) |
| Monarchy | type of government ruled by a king or a queen; can also include the idea of divine right in this type of government |
| Galileo | Italian mathematician, astronomer, and physicist; his claim that the earth revolves around the sun and is not the center of the universe caused the Catholic Church to place him on house arrest for the remainder of his life (even though he was RIGHT) |
| William Shakespeare | English poet, actor, and playwright who is generally considered the greatest playwright who ever lived; wrote Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Julius Caesar, and many others |
| Divine Right | belief that a King or Queen is chosen directly by God and that his/her authority to rule comes directly from God as well. |
| Revolution | Complete overthrow of of an established government; a suddent change in the way people think about society or about the way they are being ruled |
| Bill of Rights | a summary of all of the rights held by the people under their government; rights of the people |
| Elizabeth I | daughter of Henry VIII; she ruled England as queen from 1558 - 1603; restored England to Protestantism; admired for her courage, intelligence, and kind treatment of her people |
| Italy | Country where the Renaissance began |
