| A | B |
|---|
| Annexation | legally adding land area to a city in the US |
| census tract | an area delineated by the US Bureau of the Census for which statistics are published; in urbanized areas census tracts correspond roughly to neighborhoods |
| concentric zone model | a model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are spatially arranged in a series of rings |
| council of government | a cooperative agency consisting of representatives of local governments in a metropolitan area in the US |
| density gradient | the change in density in an urban area from teh center to teh periphery |
| edge city | a large node of office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area |
| filtering | a process of change in teh use of a house, from single-family ownder occupancy to abandonment |
| gentrification | a process of converting an urban neighborhood from a predominantly low-income renter-occupied area to a predominantly middle-class owner-occupied area |
| greenbelt | a ring of land maintained as parks, agriculture, or other types of open space to limit the sprawl of an urban area |
| metropolitan statistical area (MSA) | In the US a central city of at least 50,000 population, the country within which the city is located, and adjacent counties meeting one of several tests indicating a functional connection to the central city |
| Micropolitan statistical area | an urbanized area of between 10,000 and 50,000 inhabitants, the county in which it is found, and adjacent counties tied to teh city |
| multiple nuclei model | a model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a collection of nodes of activities |
| peripheral model | a model of North American urban areas consisting of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by a beltway or ring road |
| public housing | housing owned by the gov't; in th US, it is rented to low-income residents, and the rents are set at 30% of the families' incomes |
| redlining | a process by which banks draw lines on a map and refuse to lend money to purchase or improve property within the boundaries |
| rush(or peak) hour | the four consecutive 15 min periods in teh morning and evening with the heaviest volumes of traffic |
| sector model | a model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a series of sectors or wedges, radiating out from the CBD |
| smart growth | legislation and regulations to limit suburban sprawl and preserve farmland |
| sprawl | development of new housing sites at relatively low density and at locations that are not contiguous to the existing built-up area |
| squatter settlement | an area within a city in a less developed country in which people illegally establish residences on land they do not own or rent and erect homemade structures |
| underclass | a group in society prevented from participating in the material benefits of a more developed society because of a veriety of social and economic characteristics |
| urbanization | an increase in teh percentage and in the number of people living in urban settlements |
| urbanized area | in the US, a central city plus its contiguous built-up suburbs |
| urban renewal | program in which cities identify blighted inner-city neighborhoods, acquire the properties from private owners, relocate the residents and businesses, clear the site, build new roads and utilities, and turn the land over to private developers |
| zoning ordinance | a law that limits the permitted uses of land and maximum density of development in a community |
