| A | B |
|---|
| flexion | bending joint towards each other inward |
| extension | straightening a joint out |
| dorsiflexion | flexing the foot at ankle |
| plantar flexion | extending foot at ankle |
| hyperextension | excessive extension of the parts at a joint, beyond the anatomical positon |
| abduction | moving a part away from the midline |
| adduction | moving a part toward the midline |
| rotation | moving a part around an axis |
| circumduction | moving a part so that its end follows a circular path |
| pronation | turning the hand so the palm is downward or turning the foot so that the medial margin is lowered |
| supination | turning the hand so the palm is upward or turning the foot so that the medial margin is raised |
| eversion | turning the foot so the sole is outward |
| inversion | turning the foot so the sole is inward |
| retraction | moving a part backward |
| protraction | moving a part forward |
| elevation | raising a part |
| depression | lowering a part |
