| A | B |
|---|
| Syncopation | a shifting of the normal accent, usually by stressing the normally unaccented beats. |
| African Vocal Technique | singing technique called "call and response" is evident in African vocal music a person leads by singing a phrase which is then answered by a group of singers. |
| Improvisation | the process of spontaneously creating fresh melodies over the continuously repeating cycle of chord changes of a tune. |
| Jazz Swing Feel | the slight accent on the second half of each beat, combined with other elements of jazz expression, may still convey something of a swing feel: groove, swing |
| Comping | accompanying an insturment or music |
| Walking Bass | In swing jazz and jump blues, basslines are often created from a continuous sequence of quarter notes in a mostly scalar, stepwise part called a "walking bass line" |
| 12-Bar Blues Form | one of the most popular chord progressions in popular music, including the blues; |
| 32-Bar AABA Form | Thirty-two-bar form uses four sections, most often eight measures long each (4×8=32), two verses or A sections, a contrasting B section (the bridge or "middle-eight") and a return of the verse in one last A section (AABA)..8 |
| Ragtime | syncopated, or "ragged," rhythm |
| Riff | short melodic fragments |
| Chord substitution | use of a chord in the place of another related chord in a chord progression |
| Bebop | style of jazz characterized by fast tempo, instrumental virtuosity and improvisation based on the combination of harmonic structure and melody |
| Hard Bop | a style of jazz that is an extension of bebop (or "bop") music. |
| Cool Jazz | style of Modern Jazz music that arose during the Second World War; modern jazz that tends to be softer and easier to follow |
| Modal Jazz | jazz that uses musical modes rather than chord progressions as a harmonic framework |
| Harmon Mute | a sliding cup in the end of the mute. Device attached to instrument to change sound |
