| A | B |
|---|
| Charles Darwin | Man who first published a theory of evolution |
| HMS Beagle | The ship Darwin sailed on during his 5 year journey |
| natural selection | a mechanism for change in populations |
| adaptations: evidence for evolution | structural and physiological change over time |
| mimicry | a structural adaptation that enables one species to resemble another species |
| camouflage | an adaptation that enables species to blend in with their surroundings |
| indirect evidence for evolution | fossils, anatomy, embryology, and biochemistry |
| homologous structures | structural features with a common evolutionary origin |
| analogous structures | body parts that do not have a common evolutionary origin, but are similar in function |
| vestigial structure | a body structure in a present day organism that no longer serves its original purpose |
| embryo | the earliest stage of growth and development of both plants and animals |
| gene pool | all of the genes of the populations individuals |
| allelic frequency | the percentage of any specific allele in the gene pool |
| genetic equilibrium | a population in which the frequency of alleles remains the same over generations |
| genetic drift | the alteration of allelic frequencies by chance events |
| stabilizing selecton | type of natural selection that favors average individuals in a population |
| directional selection | type of selection that occurs when natural selection favors one of the extreme variation of a trait |
| disruptive selection | type of selection in which individuals with iether extreme of traits variation are selected for |
| speciation | the process of the evolution of new species |
| geographic isolation | type of speciation that occurs whenever a physical barrier divides a population |
| reproductive isolation | type of speciation that occurs when formerly interbreeding organisms can no longer mate and produce fertile offspring |
| polyploid | type of speciation that occurs when any individual or species with a multiple set of chromosomes |
| gradualism | the idea that species originate gradual change of adaptations |
| punctuated equilibrium | the hypothesis that speciation occurs relatively quickly, in rapid bursts, with long period of genetic equilibrium in between |
| adaptive radiation | pattern of evolution in which an ancestral species evolves into an array of species to fit a number of diverse habitats |
| divergent evolution | the pattern of evolution in which species that once were similar toan ancestral species diverge, or become increasingly distinct |
| convergent evolution | a pattern of evolution in which distantly related organisms evolve similar traits |
