| A | B |
|---|
| Latin | Meaning(s) |
| a, ab | from, by |
| absum | be absent, be away, be distant |
| ac, atque | and |
| accido | happen |
| accipio | accept, take in, receive, hear |
| acer | keen, sharp, fierce |
| acies | line, battle line, army |
| ad | to, towards, at, about, near |
| addo | add, join |
| adeo | so much, so greatly, to such an extent |
| adhuc | till now, still |
| adimo | take away, remove |
| adipiscor | obtain |
| adiuvo | help |
| adsum | be here, be present |
| adulescens | youth, young man |
| advenio | arrive |
| adversus | against, up(hill) |
| adversus | against, opposite |
| aedificium | building |
| aedifico | build |
| aequus | equal, fair, favourable, calm |
| ager | field, land, territory |
| aggredior | attack, approach |
| agmen | column of men, army |
| ago | do, act, drive |
| aliquis | someone, something, anyone, anything |
| alius | other, one, another, else |
| alter | the other, one (of two), another, a second |
| altus | high, deep |
| ambulo | walk |
| amica | girl-friend |
| amicus | friend |
| amitto | lose |
| amo | love, like |
| amor | love |
| an | or |
| angustus | narrow, confined |
| animadverto | notice, observe |
| animus | spirit, soul, mind, courage |
| annus | year |
| ante | before, in front of |
| antea | before, previously |
| antequam | before |
| aperio | open, reveal, disclose |
| appareo | appear |
| appropinquo | approach, come near to |
| apud | among, at the house of, according to, in the opinion of |
| aqua | water |
| aquila | eagle, standard |
| ara | altar |
| arbor | tree |
| arcesso | summon, send for |
| argentum | silver, money |
| arma | arms, weapons, armour |
| ars | art, skill |
| ascendo | climb |
| at | but |
| attonitus | astonished, thunder-struck |
| audax | bold, daring |
| audeo | dare |
| audio | hear, listen to |
| aufero | take away, carry off, steal |
| augeo | increase, exaggerate |
| aut | or, either |
| autem | but, however |
| auxilium | help; (pl ) (auxiliary) troops |
| bellum | war |
| bene | well |
| beneficium | kindness, service, favour |
| bis | twice |
| bona | goods, possessions, property |
| bonus | good |
| brevis | short, brief |
| cado | fall, perish |
| caedes | slaughter, killing, murder |
| caelum | sky, heaven |
| campus | plain, field |
| canis | dog |
| cano | sing, sound, play (of trumpets etc.) |
| capio | take, catch, capture, choose |
| captivus | captive, prisoner |
| caput | head, person, life, capital |
| carus | dear |
| castra | camp |
| causa | cause, reason, case |
| caveo | beware (of), take care |
| cedo | yield, give up; (in compounds) go |
| celer | quick |
| celo | hide |
| centurio | centurion |
| cerno | see, perceive, decree |
| certamen | contest, battle, struggle |
| certus | certain, sure, fixed |
| ceteri | the rest, the other |
| cibus | food |
| cingo | surround |
| circum, circa | around, about |
| civis | citizen |
| civitas | citizenship, state, city, tribe |
| clades | disaster, loss, defeat |
| clam | secretly |
| clamo | shout, exclaim, proclaim |
| clamor | shout, uproar, noise |
| clarus | clear, famous, distinguished |
| coepi | began |
| cogito | think, consider |
| cognosco | get to know, find out, learn |
| cogo | force, compel, drive, assemble |
| cohors | cohort, company |
| colo | cultivate, worship, honour |
| comes | comrade, companion |
| committo | commit, fight, begin (battle) |
| comparo | prepare, provide, obtain, compare |
| condemno | convict, condemn |
| condo | found, establish, hide |
| confero | collect, compare, contribute, bestow |
| conficio | complete, wear out |
| confido | trust, believe, have confidence |
| coniunx | husband, wife, spouse |
| conor | try |
| consilium | council, plan, advice, prudence |
| consisto | halt, stand, stand firm |
| conspicio | notice, observe, see |
| constituo | decide, establish |
| consul | consul |
| consulo | consult, consider, advise |
| consumo | eat, consume, spend |
| contendo | hurry, march, contend, fight |
| contra | against |
| copiae | troops, forces, supplies |
| corpus | body |
| corripio | seize, carry off |
| cotidie | every day, daily |
| cras | tomorrow |
| credo | believe, trust, entrust |
| crimen | accusation, charge, crime |
| crudelis | cruel |
| culpa | fault, blame |
| cum | when, since, although |
| cum | with |
| cunctus | all, whole |
| cupidus | eager (for), greedy |
| cupio | desire, wish, want |
| cur? | why? |
| cura | care, charge, anxiety |
| curo | care for, cure; with gerundive = get something done |
| curro | run |
| custodio | guard |
| custos | guard |
| de | about, from, down from |
| dea | goddess |
| deus | god |
| debeo | owe, ought |
| decipio | deceive |
| defendo | defend |
| defessus | tired |
| deinde, dein | then, next, afterwards |
| deleo | destroy |
| denique | at last, finally, in short |
| descendo | descend, come down |
| desino | cease |
| despero | despair |
| dexter | right, on the right, right hand |
| dextra | right hand, right side |
| dico | say, speak, tell |
| dies | day |
| difficilis | difficult |
| dignitas | rank, dignity, importance, honour |
| dignus | worthy (of), deserving (of) |
| diligens | careful, diligent |
| dimitto | dismiss, scatter |
| dirus | dreadful |
| discedo | depart, leave |
| disco | learn |
| dissimilis | different |
| diu | for a long time |
| dives | rich |
| divitiae | riches, wealth |
| divido | divide, separate |
| do | give |
| doceo | teach, inform |
| doleo | hurt, be in pain, lament |
| dolor | pain, sorrow, anger |
| dolus | trick, fraud |
| dominus | master |
| domus | house, home |
| donum | gift, present |
| dormio | sleep |
| dubito | doubt, hesitate |
| dubius | doubtful, wavering |
| duco | lead, take, marry, consider |
| dum | while, until |
| durus | hard, harsh, rough |
| dux | leader, general, ruler |
| e, ex | from, out of; (in compounds) out |
| efficio | carry out, accomplish |
| effugio | escape |
| egeo | need, be in want of, lack |
| ego | I, me |
| egredior | go out, come out |
| emo | buy |
| enim | for |
| eo | thither |
| eo | go |
| epistula | letter |
| eques | knight, horseman, (pl) cavalry |
| equus | horse |
| erga | towards |
| ergo | therefore |
| erro | wander, make a mistake |
| et | and, both |
| etiam | also, even, still |
| etsi | although |
| excipio | receive, take, welcome |
| excito | wake, rouse, excite |
| exemplum | example, precedent |
| exercitus | army |
| exilium | exile |
| exitium | ruin, destruction |
| exspecto | wait for, expect |
| extra | outside, beyond |
| facilis | easy |
| facinus | crime, outrage, deed |
| facio | make, do |
| fallo | deceive, cheat, escape one's notice |
| fama | rumour, fame, glory |
| familia | family, household |
| faveo | favour, support |
| felix | fortunate, happy, prosperous |
| femina | woman |
| fere | nearly, about |
| fero | bear, carry, say |
| ferox | fierce, cruel, brave |
| ferrum | iron, sword |
| festino | hurry |
| fidelis | trustworthy, faithful, loyal |
| fides | trust, faith, confidence, loyalty |
| fido | trust, rely upon |
| filia | daughter |
| filius | son |
| finis | end, boundary, pl territory |
| fio | become, be made, happen |
| flamma | blaze, flame, passion |
| flumen | river |
| fodio | dig |
| foedus | treaty, agreement |
| fortasse | perhaps |
| forte | by chance |
| fortis | brave, strong, bold |
| fortuna | fate, luck, fortune (good or bad) |
| forum | forum, market place |
| fossa | ditch, trench |
| frango | break, crush |
| frater | brother |
| frigus | cold |
| frumentum | corn, grain |
| frustra | in vain |
| fuga | flight, escape |
| fugio | flee, run away from, avoid |
| fundo | pour, shed, rout |
| furor | rage, fury, madness, passion |
| gaudeo | rejoice |
| gaudium | joy, delight |
| gens | race, people, family, tribe |
| genus | race, descent, birth, kind |
| gero | bear, wear, wage war, manage |
| gladius | sword |
| gratia | favour, thanks, esteem |
| gravis | heavy, serious, painful, important |
| habeo | have, hold, consider |
| habito | live, dwell |
| hasta | spear |
| haud | not |
| heri | yesterday |
| hiberna | winter quarters |
| hic | this |
| hic | here |
| hiems | winter, storm |
| hinc | from here, hence, henceforth |
| hodie | today |
| homo | man, person |
| honor | honour, esteem, glory |
| hora | hour |
| hortor | urge, encourage |
| hospes | guest, host |
| hostis | enemy |
| huc | here, to this place |
| humus | ground, earth |
| iaceo | lie (down) |
| iacio | throw |
| iam | now, already |
| ibi | there, then |
| idem | the same |
| idoneus | suitable, convenient |
| igitur | therefore, and so |
| ignis | fire |
| ignoro | do not know, be ignorant, misunderstand |
| ille | that, he, she, it |
| illic | there |
| impedio | delay, hinder, prevent |
| imperator | emperor, general, leader |
| imperium | command, power, empire |
| impero | order, command |
| impetus | attack, impulse |
| in | in, on |
| in | into, onto, against, towards |
| incendium | fire |
| incendo | burn, set on fire, inflame, rouse |
| incipio | begin |
| incito | urge on, arouse, encourage |
| inde | from there, thereupon, next |
| infero | inflict, bring to, cause, carry against |
| infra | below |
| ingenium | character, ability |
| ingens | huge |
| ingredior | enter, undertake |
| inimicus | (personal) enemy |
| iniquus | unfair, unjust, unfavourable |
| initium | beginning |
| iniuria | injustice, injury, wrong |
| inopia | shortage, lack, poverty |
| inquam | say |
| insidiae | ambush, trap, trick |
| insignis | distinguished, glorious |
| inspicio | look at, inspect, examine |
| instruo | draw up, prepare, equip, supply |
| insula | island |
| intellego | understand, perceive, realise |
| inter, intra | between, among, inside, within |
| interea, interim | meanwhile, in the meantime |
| interficio | kill |
| intro | enter |
| invenio | find, discover |
| invito | invite |
| invitus | unwillling, reluctant |
| ipse | -self |
| ira | anger |
| iratus | angry |
| is | this, that, he, she, it |
| ita | in this way, so, thus |
| ita vero | yes |
| itaque | and so, therefore |
| iter | journey, march, way |
| iterum | again |
| iubeo | order, command |
| iudex | judge, juror |
| iungo | join, unite, fasten |
| iustus | right, just, lawful, complete |
| iuvenis | young man, young |
| iuvo | help |
| labor | glide, slip, fall |
| labor | work, toil, trouble |
| laboro | work, toil, be in difficulty |
| laedo | hurt, injure, harm |
| laetus | happy, glad |
| latus | wide, broad |
| latus | side, wing |
| laudo | praise |
| laus | praise, honour, credit |
| legatus | (legionary) commander, ambassador, envoy |
| legio | legion |
| lego | read, choose |
| lentus | slow |
| levis | light, slight |
| lex | law |
| libens | willing, glad |
| liber | free |
| liber | book |
| liberi | children |
| libero | set free |
| libertas | freedom |
| libertus | freedman, ex-slave |
| licet | it is allowed |
| littera | letter |
| litus | sea-shore, beach |
| locus | place, position, situation, opportunity |
| longus | long |
| loquor | speak, talk |
| lux | light, daylight |
| magister | teacher, master |
| magnus | big, large, great |
| magnopere | very much, greatly |
| magis | more, rather |
| malo | prefer |
| malus | evil, bad |
| mando | commit, entrust, command |
| mane | in the morning, early |
| maneo | remain, stay |
| manus | hand, band |
| mare | sea |
| mater | mother |
| medius | middle (of) |
| mens | mind |
| mensis | month |
| mercator | merchant |
| metus | fear |
| meus | my |
| miles | soldier |
| minor | threaten |
| mirabilis | strange, wonderful |
| miror | wonder at, admire |
| miser | miserable, wretched, sad |
| mitto | send, throw, let go |
| modo | just now, only |
| modus | manner, way, kind |
| moenia | city walls, city |
| moneo | warn, advise, teach |
| mons | mountain |
| monstro | show, point out, indicate, instruct |
| morbus | sickness, disease |
| morior | die |
| mors | death |
| moror | delay |
| mora | delay |
| mos | habit, custom, (pl) character, morals |
| moveo | move |
| mox | soon |
| mulier | woman |
| multitudo | crowd, multitude |
| multus | much, many |
| munio | fortify, defend, guard |
| munus | service, duty, present |
| murus | wall, rampart |
| muto | change, alter |
| nam | for |
| narro | tell, relate |
| nascor | am born |
| natura | nature |
| nauta | sailor |
| navigo | sail |
| navis | ship |
| -ne | (introduces question) |
| ne | lest, that not |
| nec, neque | and not, nor, neither |
| necesse | necessary |
| neco | kill |
| neglego | neglect, disregard |
| nego | say no, deny, refuse, say that ...not |
| negotium | business |
| nemo | no one, nobody |
| nescio | not know |
| nihil | nothing |
| nisi | unless, if not, except |
| nobilis | noble, famous |
| noceo | hurt, harm |
| nolo | not want, be unwilling, refuse |
| nomen | name |
| non | not |
| nondum | not yet |
| nonne? | surely? |
| nonnulli | some, several |
| nos | we, us |
| noster | our |
| notus | known, well-known, famous |
| novi | know |
| novus | new, fresh, recent |
| nox | night |
| nullus | no, none, not any |
| num | surely…not, whether |
| numerus | number |
| numquam | never |
| nunc | now |
| nuntio | announce, report |
| nuntius | messenger, message, news |
| ob | because of, on account of |
| obliviscor | forget |
| obses | hostage |
| obsideo | besiege, blockade |
| obviam eo | meet, go to meet, oppose, resist |
| occasio | opportunity, occasion |
| occido | kill |
| occupo | seize, take possession of, occupy |
| oculus | eye |
| odi | hate |
| odium | hatred |
| offero | present, offer |
| officium | duty, task, function |
| olim | once, formerly, one day |
| omitto | neglect, disregard, make no mention of |
| omnis | all, every |
| onus | burden, load |
| opera | work, effort, attention, trouble |
| oportet | be necessary, ought, must |
| oppidum | town |
| opportunus | suitable, opportune |
| opprimo | overwhelm, crush, weigh down |
| oppugno | attack |
| (ops) | help; (pl) resources, riches |
| opus | work, toil, construction |
| ora | coast |
| oratio | speech |
| ordo | rank, order, line |
| orior | rise, start, originate |
| orno | adorn, decorate, provide, equip |
| oro | beg |
| os | mouth, face |
| ostendo | show, point out, indicate |
| otium | leisure, idleness, peace |
| paene | almost, nearly |
| palam | openly |
| par | equal |
| parco | spare |
| parens | parent; (pl) relations |
| pareo | obey |
| pario | win, acquire, gain, secure |
| paro | prepare, provide |
| pars | part, some, direction |
| parvus | small |
| passim | in all directions, far and wide |
| passus | pace |
| pater | father |
| patior | suffer, endure, allow |
| patria | homeland, native land |
| pauci | few, a few |
| paulatim | gradually, little by little |
| paulisper | for a short time |
| paulum, paulo | a little, somewhat |
| pauper | poor |
| pax | peace |
| pecunia | money |
| pedes | infantry |
| pello | push, drive, rout |
| per | through, throughout, along |
| perdo | destroy, lose |
| pereo | die, perish, be ruined |
| perficio | bring about, complete, perfect |
| periculum | danger |
| peritus | skilled (in) |
| permitto | hand over, entrust, permit, allow |
| persuadeo | persuade, convince |
| perterritus | very frightened |
| pervenio | reach, arrive |
| pes | foot |
| peto | seek, ask for, make for, attack |
| pilum | javelin |
| placet | it pleases, suits, it is resolved |
| plebs | the people, common people |
| plenus | full, filled |
| plerique | most, the majority |
| poena | punishment, penalty |
| polliceor | promise |
| pono | put, place, set up (camp) |
| pons | bridge |
| populus | people, nation |
| porta | gate |
| porto | carry, bear, take |
| portus | harbour, port |
| posco | demand, ask for |
| possum | can, be able |
| post | behind, after |
| post | afterwards, next |
| postea | afterwards, then |
| postquam | after, when |
| postremus | last |
| postridie | on the next day |
| postulo | demand, ask |
| potens | powerful |
| potestas | power, authority, opportunity |
| potior | seize, get possession of |
| potius | rather, more |
| praebeo | provide, give, show, offer |
| praeda | booty, plunder |
| praemium | prize, reward |
| praeficio | put in charge of |
| praesidium | protection, garrison, fortification |
| praesum | be in charge of |
| praeter | beyond, except, besides |
| praeterea | besides, moreover, in addition |
| praetor | praetor (acted as judge or governor) |
| precor | pray, pray to, beg |
| pretium | price, value |
| primus | first, chief |
| princeps | emperor, chief, chieftain |
| prior | previous, former |
| prius | before, previously |
| priusquam | before, until |
| pro | in front of, for, on behalf of, in return for |
| procedo | advance, proceed |
| procul | far away, distant |
| prodo | betray, surrender |
| proelium | battle |
| proficiscor | set out, depart |
| progredior | advance, proceed |
| promitto | promise |
| prope | near |
| propter | on account of, because of |
| provincia | province |
| proximus | nearest, next, last |
| publicus | public, common |
| pudor | shame, modesty, honour, disgrace |
| puella | girl |
| puer | boy |
| pugna | fight, battle |
| pugno | fight |
| punio | punish |
| puto | think, consider, reckon |
| quaero | search for, ask for, ask, inquire |
| qualis? | what sort of? |
| quam | how, than, as |
| quamquam | although |
| quando? | when? |
| quantus? | how big? how much? |
| quasi | as if, just as, nearly |
| -que | and |
| queror | complain |
| qui | who, which, that |
| quia | because |
| quidam | one, a certain, some |
| quidem | indeed, in fact, however |
| ne ... quidem | not ... even |
| quies | rest, peace, quiet |
| quis? | who? what? any |
| quisquam | anyone, anything |
| quisque | each, each one, every |
| quisquis | whoever, whatever |
| quo? | where to? |
| quoad | as long as, until |
| quod | because, (as to) the fact that |
| quomodo? | how? in what way? |
| quoniam | since |
| quoque | also, too |
| quot? | how many? |
| quotiens | how often? as often as |
| rapio | seize, grab, carry off, plunder |
| ratio | account, reckoning, manner, reason |
| recens | recent, fresh |
| recipio | regain, receive, welcome |
| recito | recite, read aloud |
| rectus | straight, direct, right, proper |
| reddo | give back, restore, hand over, make |
| redeo | return, go back, come back |
| refero | bring back, report, refer |
| reficio | repair, restore, refresh |
| regina | queen |
| regnum | kingdom, reign, rule |
| rego | rule, direct |
| regredior | go back, return |
| relinquo | leave, leave behind, abandon |
| reliquus | the rest of, the other |
| repente | suddenly |
| res | thing, affair, matter, business |
| res publica | state, republic |
| resisto | resist, oppose |
| respondeo | answer, reply |
| responsum | answer, reply |
| restituo | restore, give back |
| retineo | hold back, restrain, keep |
| rex | king |
| ripa | bank |
| rogo | ask, ask for |
| rumpo | break, burst, break through |
| rursus | back, again |
| rus | country |
| sacerdos | priest, priestess |
| saepe | often |
| saevus | savage, cruel |
| salus | health, safety, greeting |
| saluto | greet, salute |
| sanguis | blood |
| sapiens | wise, sensible |
| sapientia | wisdom, good sense |
| satis | enough |
| scelus | crime, wickedness |
| scio | know |
| scribo | write |
| scutum | shield |
| se | himself, herself, itself, themselves |
| secundus | following, next, second, favourable |
| sed | but |
| sedes | seat, temple, home |
| semel | once |
| semper | always |
| senator | senator |
| senatus | senate |
| senex | old man |
| sententia | opinion, judgement, sentence |
| sentio | feel, notice, hear, judge |
| sequor | follow, pursue, attend |
| servo | save, protect, keep |
| servus | slave |
| si | if |
| sic | thus, in this way |
| sicut | just as, like, as, as if |
| signum | sign, signal, standard |
| silentium | silence |
| silva | wood, forest |
| similis | similar, like |
| simul | at the same time, together |
| simulac, | as soon as |
| sine | without |
| sinister | left, on the left, unfavourable |
| sinistra | left hand, left side |
| sino | allow, permit |
| sive, seu | or if, whether |
| socius | ally, comrade, companion |
| sol | sun, sunlight |
| soleo | be accustomed |
| solum | only |
| solus | alone, only, alone |
| solvo | loose, pay |
| somnus | sleep |
| sonus | noise, sound |
| soror | sister |
| spatium | interval, space, distance |
| specto | look at, watch |
| sperno | despise, reject, scorn |
| spero | hope, expect |
| spes | hope |
| spolium | booty, spoil(s) |
| statim | at once, immediately |
| statuo | fix, determine, decide, arrange |
| sto | stand, stand firm |
| studium | eagerness, study, devotion |
| stultus | stupid, foolish |
| sub | under, beneath; up to |
| subito | suddenly |
| sum | be |
| summus | highest, greatest, top (of) |
| sumo | take, take up |
| supero | overcome, overpower |
| supersum | be left, remain, survive |
| superus | upper, higher |
| surgo | get up, stand up, rise |
| suscipio | take up, undertake, begin, bear |
| suspicor | mistrust, suspect |
| suus | his (own), her (own), its (own), their (own) |
| tacitus | quiet, silent, in silence |
| talis | such |
| tam | so |
| tamen | however, nevertheless, yet |
| tandem | at last, finally |
| tango | touch |
| tantum | only |
| tantus | so great, such a great, so much |
| tectum | roof, house |
| tego | cover, protect, hide |
| telum | weapon, javelin, missile |
| tempestas | weather, storm, time |
| templum | temple |
| tempus | time |
| teneo | hold, keep, maintain |
| tergum | back, rear |
| terra | ground, land, earth |
| terreo | frighten |
| terror | terror, panic |
| timeo | fear, be afraid |
| timor | fear, anxiety |
| tollo | raise, lift up, remove, destroy |
| tot | so many |
| totus | the whole, entire, all |
| trado | hand over, entrust, hand down, surrender |
| traho | pull, drag, draw |
| trans | across, over |
| tristis | sad, gloomy, grim |
| tu | you (singular) |
| tum | then, next |
| tumultus | uproar, disturbance, civil war |
| turba | crowd, mob, disturbance, multitude |
| tutus | safe |
| tuus | your (singular) |
| ubi | where? where, when |
| ubique | everywhere |
| ullus | any |
| ultimus | furthest, last, utmost |
| umquam | ever |
| una | together |
| unda | wave |
| unde | from where, whence |
| undique | from all sides, on all sides |
| urbs | city, town, Rome |
| usque | all the way, right up to, continuously |
| usus | use, experience, practice |
| ut | as, where, when, how |
| ut | that, so that |
| uter? | which (of two)? |
| uterque | each (of two), both |
| utrum | whether |
| utor | use, enjoy |
| uxor | wife |
| valeo | be strong, have influence |
| validus | strong, powerful |
| -ve | or |
| vehementer | violently, loudly, strongly |
| veho | carry, bear, convey |
| vel | or, either |
| velut | just as, like, as, as if |
| venio | come |
| ventus | wind |
| verbum | word |
| vereor | fear, be afraid |
| vero | indeed, in fact, however |
| verto | turn |
| verus | true, real |
| vesper | evening |
| vester | your (pl) |
| vestis | clothes |
| veto | forbid, order…not |
| vetus | old |
| via | street, road, way, path |
| victor | victor, conqueror |
| victoria | victory |
| video | see |
| videor | seem, appear, be seen |
| villa | country-house, estate, farm |
| vinco | conquer, defeat, win, be victorious |
| vir | man, husband |
| virtus | courage, virtue |
| vis | force, violence; (pl) strength, forces |
| vita | life |
| vito | avoid |
| vivo | live, be alive, (+ abl) live on |
| vivus | alive, living |
| vix | hardly, scarcely, with difficulty |
| voco | call, summon, invite, name |
| volo | want, wish, be willing, intend |
| vos | you (plural) |
| vox | voice, shout, word |
| vulnero | wound, injure |
| vulnus | wound, injury |
| vultus | face, expression |
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