| A | B |
|---|
| found in nature, inorganic solid, definite chemical composition and structure | Name three characteristics of a mineral |
| atomic structure | mineral properties of minerals depend on their _______ _________ |
| hardness, color, luster, and streak | name four things that are used to identify minerals (physical characteristics) |
| more than one mineral | rocks are made of |
| quartz, feldspar, calcite, and mica | name the four common minerals found in rock |
| ore minerals | the following are considered __________, pyrite, magnetite, hematite, galena, graphite, and sulfur |
| oxygen, silicon, aluminum, and iron | the four major elements found in Earth's crust |
| silicates | the most abundant group of minerals found on Earth |
| silicates | contain silicon and oxygen |
| composition and texture | igneous rocks are classified using ______ and _______ |
| igneous rocks | formed from cooling magma or lava |
| lava | magma that cools above the ground |
| magma | melted rock that stays below the ground |
| extrusive | fast cooling igneous rock |
| intrusive | slower cooling igneous rock |
| large mineral grains | intrusive rock is easily identified by its |
| small mineral grains | extrusive rock is easily identified by its |
| pumice | example of extrusive igneous rock |
| basalt | example of dark igneous rock |
| obsidian | example of extrusive igneous rock that looks like glass |
| metamorphic rock | rock formed by heat and pressure |
| metamorphic rock | rock that has bands of color |
| foliated | rock that has stripes because it is metamorphic |
| marble and quartzite | nonfoliated metamorphic rock |
| marble | Limestone morphs into |
| quartzite | Sandstone morphs into |
| sedimentary rocks | rock formed from rock fragments, organic material, or chemical precipitation |
| sedimentary rocks | rock that is formed in flat layers or strata |
| sedimentary rocks | type of rock that has fossils |
| sedimentary rocks | classes of this rock include clastic, organic, and chemical |
| conglomerate | sedimentary rock that is formed with large stones |
| sandstone | sedimentary rock formed at sea shores |
| shale | sedimentary rock formed at bottom of deep lakes |
| peat, lignite, bituminous, anthracite | coal formation from softest to hardest |
| nonrenewable resources | resources that are renewed very slowly or not at all |
| renewable resources | resources that are renewed quickly |
| coal, oil, and minerals | name three nonrenewable resources |
| coal, gravel, and limestone for concrete | Name Virginia rock and mineral resources |
