| A | B |
|---|
| sponges | aquatic animals in phylum porifera |
| sessile | attached firmly to surface and do not move |
| osculum | opening in sponge where water leaves |
| spicules | tiny, hard particles of calcium or silicon dioxide that are shaped like spikes - precursor to a skeleton |
| filter feeding | capturing of food that passes through the sponges body |
| amebocytes | cells that move around in a sponge capturing and distributing food |
| gemmules | food filled ball of amebocyes that can survive harsh environments - new sponges |
| regeneration | ability to regrow missing parts |
| Cnidaria | phyla of invertebrate including jelly fishes and hydra |
| nerve net | diffuse web of interconnected nerve cells |
| coral reefs | remains of body of polyp that builds up large rocklike formations |
| bioluminescence | production of light |
| platyhelminthes | phylum in which flatworms are found |
| flatworms | three germ layered animal with bilateral symmetry |
| planarians | freeliving flatworms that scavenge for food or prey on small protozoa |
| pharynx | muscular tube used to obtain food |
| flame cells | collect excess water that it transports through tubules and excreted |
| cerebral ganglia | cluster of nerve cells at the anterior end |
| eyespots | sensory organs used to detect light |
| fission | type of asexual reproduction that involves the splitting of animal |
| flukes | class of Trematoda - leaf-shaped flatworm that parasitizes many kinds of animals including humans |
| uterus | a long coiled tube where eggs are stored in the fluke until they are ready to be released |
| primary host | the organism in which the adult form of the worm resides |
| intermediary host | the organims in which the larval form of the worm resides |
| cestoda | class in which tapeworms are classified |
| cysts | dormant larval form surrounded by protective layers |
| roundworms | phylum nematoda - long slender bodies without a coelom |
| anus | opening through which undigested material is eliminated from the body |
| cuticle | protective noncellular layer |
| hookworms | intestinal parasites |
| trichinosis | infection caused by roundworm which causes muscle pain and stiffness - usually pork |
| pinworm | roundworm parasite of humans in US which lives in intestine and eggs are laid outside the anus |
| elephantitis | infection caused by the Filarial worm which lives in the lymphatic system - can spread by mosquitoes |
| heartworm disease | type of Filarial worm that infects dogs |
| rotifer | transparent free living animals that exist in fresh water |
| mantle | visceral mass that is a layer of epidermis in mollusks |
| foot | large muscular organ found in mollusks used for locomotion |
| ganglia | nerve cells |
| radula | main feeding adaptation in mollusks - used to scrape food |
| gastropod | largest class of mollusks including snails, abalones, and slugs |
| hemolymph | circulatory fluid found in gastropods |
| bivalves | aquatic animals - mullusks divided into two halves and connected by a hinge |
| siphon | fleshy tubes which set up a current of water |
| cephalopods | marine mollusks that are called head-foot - free swimming, predatory |
| annelid | worm with little rings |
| setae | external bristles that earthworms use to grip |
| esophagus | tube used to move food from mouth to the crop in annelids |
| crop | temporary storage area |
| gizzard | muscular part of gut where food is ground |
| aortic arches | five pairs of muscular tubes that act as a heart |
| nephridia | structure earthworm uses to rid body of waste |
| clitellum | section of earthworm where worms connect to exchange sperm |
| seminal receptacle | pouchlike place where worm stores sperm from other worm until the eggs are laid |
