| A | B |
|---|
| Shield Volcanoes | Volcanoes that form from layers of lava flow, as might occur in Hawaii |
| Composite Volcanoes | Volcanoes that form from layers of ash, cinders and volcanic bombs AND ALSO layers of lava |
| Cinder Cone Volcanoes | Volcanoes that form from layer upon layer of cinder, ash and bombs, from explosive eruptions |
| Hot spots | A location on a tectonic plate, far from plate boundaries where volcanoes occur |
| Richter scale | The way Earthquakes are measured by their magnitude, or how much energy they have |
| Focus | Where the earthquake occurs, underground |
| Epicenter | Location of the earthquake on the surface |
| Primary Wave | The first EQ waves to reach a seismograph machine |
| Surface Wave | The wave that causes the most destruction to land and property |
| Normal fault | The type of fault that occurs when land is pulling apart and one rock layer slumps down |
| Reverse fault | Type of fault that occurs when land is being pushed together and one layer gets pushed up and over the other |
| Strike slip fault | Type of fault that occurs when two rock plates are sliding opposite each other |
| Mid-ocean ridge | A location in the ocean where 2 tectonic plates are spreading apart |
| Convergent boundaries | Moutains are formed mostly at these type of boundaries |
| Plate tectonics | The theory that the crust is formed into plates that slowly move |
| Magma movement (convection currents) | Causes plate movement on the crust. |
| Transform boundaries | This type of boundary causes a lot of earthquakes |
