| A | B |
| Sons of Liberty | colonists who opposed British policies through the use of violence and intimidation such as the Boston Tea Party |
| Underground Railroad | series of stations set up by abolitionists to help slaves escape to the North and Canada |
| Seneca Falls Convention | met to discuss women's rights and issued the Declaration of Sentiments calling for equal rights including the right to vote |
| Radical Republicans | group in Congress following the Civil War who believed the South had seceded and should be punished. They established Military Reconstruction |
| Ku Klux Klan | group of white men who used terror and intimidation to keep Blacks from exercising their civil rights |
| carpetbaggers | Northerners who went south to get involved with government and to help with Reconstruction |
| scalawags | southern Unionists who were involved in Reconstruction governments in the South |
| New Immigrants | from Southern and Eastern Europe, they were poor, illiterate, unskilled, Catholic, Jewish, Orthodox, and settled in the cities of the North and East between 1880 and 1920 |
| Populists | supported reforms to help the farmers, including cheap money, gov't ownership of railroads, direct election of Senators, and a graduated income tax |
| Progressive | middle and upper-middle class reformers who wanted to give people a greater voice in gov't, correct the abuses of industrialization, and restore fair competition |
| muckrakers | a group of writers who wrote about the evils of society in order to bring about reforms |