| A | B |
|---|
| Acid | A solution |
| Activation Energy | The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction |
| Alkaline | Adjective refering to bases |
| Aqueous Solution | Solution in which water is the solvent |
| Atom | Simplest particle of an element |
| Atomic Number | The number of proteins in an atom |
| Base | A solution that contains more hydroxide ions than hydronium ions |
| Bond | Attachments |
| Buffer | Chemical sustance that neutralizes small amounts of acids or bases added to a solution |
| Catalyst | Chemical substances that reduce the amount of activation energy needed for a reaction |
| Chemical Reaction | Combining in ways that cause their atoms to become stable |
| Compound | A pure substances that is made up of two or more elements in a n atom |
| Concentration | Measurment of the amount of solute dissolved in a fixed amount of solution |
| Covalent Bond | Forms when two or more atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
| Dissociation | Breaking apart of water molecules into two ions of opposite charges |
| Electron | High energy particles with very little mass and negatively charged surrounding the nucleus |
| Element | Pure substances that can not be broken down into simpler kinds of matter |
| Endergonic Reaction | Reactions that involve a net absorption of free energy |
| Energy | The ability to do work of cause change |
| Energy Level | The different levels surrounding the nucleus in which electrons travel on |
| Enzyme | Important class of catalysts in living things |
| Exergonic Reaction | Chemical Reactions that involve a net release of free energy |
| Free Energy | Energy in a system that is available for work |
| Hydronium Ion | In the equation hydrogen+water>3hydrogen and 1oxygen, the 3hydrogen and 1 oxygen would be known as the hydronium ion |
| Hydroxide Ion | One water molecule dissociates to form two ions, H+ and OH-. The OH- is known as the hydroxide |
| Ion | Atom or molecule with an electrical charge |
| Ionic Bond | When positive and negative charges attract to one another |
| Mass | The quantity of matter an object has |
| Matter | Anything that occupies space and has mass |
| Molecule | The simplest part of a substance that retains all of the propertiesof the substance and can exist in a free state |
| Neutron | A particle in an atom that has no electrical charge |
| Nucleus | The central core of an atom |
| Oxidation Reaction | When a reactant loses one or more electrons, making it positive in charge |
| pH scale | A scale to compare relative concentrations of hydronium and hydroxide ions in a solution |
| Product | Shown on the left side of an equation, the final conclusion of a chemical reaction |
| Proton | Positive electrical charge in an atom |
| Reactant | Shown on the right side of an equation, the components needed to start a chemical reaction |
| Redox Reactions | Reactions in which electrons are transferred between atoms are know as reduction-oxidation reactions, or redox reactions |
| Reduction Reaction | When a reactant gains one or more electrond, thus becoming a negative charge |
| Saturated Solution | One in which no more solute can dissolve |
| Solute | A substance dissolved in a solution |
| Solution | A mixture in which one or more substances are uniformly distributed in another substance |
| Solvent | A substance in which the solute is dissolved |
| State | Determination of a substance making it a solid, liquid, or gas |
