| A | B |
|---|
| Thucydides | Was considered to be the greatest historian of the ancient world |
| Sophist | A traveling professional teacher in ancient Greece |
| Socratic Method | A way of teaching using question and answer technique |
| Herodotus | Father of History |
| Hellenistic Era | A time when Greek ideas spread to non-Greek people |
| Alexander the Great | King of Macedonia at age 20 |
| Alexandria | The most important city in the ancient world |
| Legacy | What a person leaves behind when she or he dies |
| Eratosthenes | Astronomer who concluded that Earth is round |
| Philosophy of Stoicism | Happiness comes from doing your duty and following reason, not following emotion |
| Plane Geometry | A type of mathematics that relates points, lines, surfaces, and angles to each other |
| Epicureanism | Happiness found through pleasure to achieve the goal in your life |
| Athens | City known as the center of Greek theatre |
| Hippocrates | Father of Medicine |
| Homer | Greek poet who wrote many poems about heroic deeds |
| Religious Festivals | drama-comedy-tragedy performed by Greeks |
| Greek columns used in buildings | Doric-Ionic-Corinthian |
| Plato | A student of Socrates who wrote the Republic |
| Philosopher belief | The human mind could understand everything |
| Hellenistic Era | Time period when many discoveries were made in math and astronomy |
| Monsoon | A strong wind that blows one way in winter and another in summer |
| Theocracy | A government controlled by religious leaders |
| Siddhartha | Founded Buddhism around 600 B.C. |
| The Buddha | The only way to find truth was to give up all desires |
| Stupa | A Buddhism shrine shaped like a dome or mound |
| Kalidasa | One of India's best-known writer |
| Pilgrims | Used trade routes to travel to religious shrines or sites |
| Caste System | Social group that one is born intoand cannot change |
| The Raja | The prince or leader of an Aryan tribe |
| Himalayas | Mountain range that is the home to the highest mountains in the world |
| Sanskrit | The written language devloped in India |
| The Ganges River and the Indus River | India's most important rivers |
| The Harappans | The first people to liv in the Indus River valley about 3000 B.C. |
| Reason for the collapse of the Harappan civilization | Earthquakes and floods |
| The Kshatriyas class | India's caste system containing warriors and rulers |
| Dharma | The Divine law that requires people to perform the duties of their caste |
| Karma | The consequence of how a person lives |
| Reincarnation | The idea of passing through many lives to be united with Brahman |
| Nirvana | A state of wisdom in Hinduism |
| Hinduism | One of the oldest religions in the world and third largest reigion today |
| Brahman | The universal spirit or creator in Hinduism |
| Asoka | Mauryan dynasty's greatest king |
| Chandragupta Maurya | Founded India's first empire |
| Zero | Indian invention which created great impact on the study of mathematics and science around 500 A.D. |
| Ideograph | A kind of character in Chinese writing that joints two or more pictographs together to represent an idea |
| Pictograph | A character that stands for an object, such as the moon or the sun |
| Epic | A long poem about heroic deeds |
| Fable | A short tale that teaches a lesson |
| Oracle | A priest or priestess who could tell the future |
| Myth | A traditional story about gods and goddesses |
| Mount Olympus | The highest mountain in Greece home to the gods and goddesses |
| Mythology | Way of expressing religious beliefs by the Greeks |
| Mandate | A formal order |
| Bureaucracy | A system for appointing officials who run different parts of the government |
| Aristocrat | A noble whose wealth comes from the land he or she owns |
| The Huang He River | Also known as the China's Sorrow river because it drowned people and destryed homes |
| Xia Dynasty | Probably China's first rulers time period |
| Anyang | First capital city of China |
| The Zhou dynasty | Chinese dynasty that ruled for more years than any other dynasty in history |
| Silk | Important trade item during the Zhou dynasty |
| School of Law or Legalism | A Chinese philosophy that taught humans needed to be ruled by harsh laws |
| Acupuncture | The use of needles stuck into the patient's skin to ease pain |
| The Silk Road | A network of trade routes for Chinese goods as far as Greece and Rome |
| Republic | A form of government in which its citizens vote for its leader |
| Romulus and Remus | Founders of the city of Rome according to traditional leyend |
| Geographical advantage the Italian landscape had over the Greek landscape | Less rugged mountains |
| The Patricians | The ruling class and top officials of the Roman Republic |
| Cincinnatus | The best-know early Roman dictator of the Republic |
| Julius Caesar | A military hero and Rome's mos famous leader |
| The Twelve Tables | Rome's first written laws |
| The Majestic One | The title Octavian also used was Augustus |
| Code of Chivalry | Rules followed by the Medieval Knights |
| The Magna Carta | Established the idea that people have rights and that the power of government should be limited |
| Daosism | Promotes a peaceful society |
| Confucianism | The belief that all people with a talent for governing should govern |
| A social class | A gropu of people who share a similar position in society |
| Hanfeizi | Developed the teachings of Legalism |
| Liu Bang | Founder of the Han dynasty |
| Han Wudi | Martial Emperor of Han |
| Qin Shihuangdi | The first Qin Emperor |
