| A | B |
|---|
| state | area organized into a political unit ruled by a govt |
| sovereignty | independence from control of its internal affairs by other states |
| nation-state | a state whose territory includes only one nationality; very rare |
| stateless nation | group of people with same nationality but no recognized homeland by most of the world |
| microstate | very small state; Monaco is smallest |
| colonies | territory that is legally tied to a sovereign state rather than being completely independent |
| colonialism | cultural, economic, and poltical domination by a another country |
| imperialism | cultural and economic domination of strong state to weaker state |
| boundaries | invisible line marking extent of state's territory |
| compact state | distance from center to any boundary does not vary significantly |
| prorupted state | an otherwise compact state with a large projecting extension |
| elongated state | long and narrow shape |
| fragmented state | several discontinous pieces of territory (ex: islands) |
| perforated state | state that completely surrounds another |
| landlocked state | lack direct outlet to the seas/ocean because it is completely surrounded by several other states |
| enclave | small heterogeneous group or region surrounded by larger and different group or region |
| exclave | bounded territory that is part of a state but is separated from it by territory of a diff state |
| Shatterbelt Theory | region caught betw stronger colliding external forces under stress and often fragmented by rivals |
| buffer states | between 2 opposing forces; used to "protect" another state |
| irredentism | political policy directed toward the incorporation of areas within boudaries of their historic or ethnically related political unit |
| frontier | zone where no state exercises complete political control |
| physical boundaries | mountains, desert, water |
| geometric boundaries | clear absolute location boundary |
| cultural boundary | boundary based on religion, ethnicity, or language |
| Law of Sea | 12 nautical miles of the coast of a sovereign nation; right of passage |
| EEZ: exclusive economic zone | 200 nautical miles; states' right to fish, drill, etc |
| devolution | transference of power to another; surrender of powers to local authorities by a central gvt |
| centripetal forces | forces that pull a country together |
| centrifugal forces | forces that divide a country |
| Green Line | Cyprus boundary between Greeks and Turks |
| unitary gvt | strong central govt |
| federal gvt | shared power between central and state/local authority |
| census | population count |
| redistricting | drawing of lines based on census to identify political boundaries |
| gerrymandering | inappropriately/inaccurately drawn district lines to favor one party |
| wasted vote | spreading opposition across districts |
| excess vote | concentrates opposition in few districts |
| stacked vote | linking distant areas through odd shaped districts |
| United Nations | supranational organization created after WW2 to settle international disputes peacefully |
| supranationalism | transcending national boundaries to create an organization |
| EU | ex of supranational organization to promote economic cooperation among European nations |
| terrorism | systematic use of violence by a group in order to intimidate a population or coerce a gvt into granting its demands |
| Heartland theory | Mackinder; any political power in the heart of Eurasia could gain enough power to eventually rule the world |
| Rimland theory | Spykman;domination of coastal Eurasia would provide base for world conquest |
