| A | B |
|---|
| Assembly Line | Manufacturing process in which each worker does one specialized task in the construction of the final project. |
| Black Codes | Laws passed by Southern States that restricted African American rights. |
| Collective Bargaining | Process when workers negotiate as a group with their employer. |
| Deficit Spending | Government spending of borrowed money. |
| Disarmament | Program in which a nation voluntarily gives up their weapons. |
| Discrimination | Unequal treatment of a group of people because of nationality, race, sex, or religion. |
| Genocide | Deliberate murder of an entire group of people. |
| Ghetto | Area in which one ethnic or racial group dominates. |
| Gilded | An era in which a few wealthy elites held a majority of the wealth. |
| Imperialism | The taking over of a small country by a larger, more powerful one. |
| Initiative | Process by which citizens suggest new laws by gathering signatures on a petition. |
| Isolationism | Policy of avoiding political or economic alliances with foreign countries. |
| Laissez-faire | Leave business alone (Hands off). |
| Manifest Destiny | Belief that the U.S. had the right to conquer and settle the lands of the North American continent. |
| Militarism | Policy of aggressively building up a nation’s military in preparation for war. |
| Mobilization | The readying of troops for war. |
| Monopoly | One company has complete control over a product. |
| Muckraker | Journalist who uncovers wrongdoing on the part of politicians and corporations. |
| Nationalism | Devotion to one's nation. |
| Neutrality | Not taking sides in an argument or conflict. |
| Prohibition | A legal ban on the manufature and sale of alcoholic beverages. |
| Recall | Process by which voters remove a public official from office before the next election. |
| Reconstruction | The process in which the U.S. had to repair the damage to the South caused by the Civil War, and had to adjust to life without slavery. |
| Referendum | Process by which citizens vote on a law passed by their legislature. |
| Reservation | Land set aside for Native Americans to live on. |
| Social Darwinism | Theory derived from Darwin's theory of natuarl selection, that society should do as little as possible to interfere with people's pursuit of success. |
| Socialism | An economic and political philosophy that favors social control of property and income. |
| Sooners | The Oklahoma settlers who made illegal land claims. |
| Speculation | Making high-risk investments in hopes of getting a high gain. |
| Spoils System | In return for votes, politicians appointed supporters to governmental positions, regardless of their skills. |
| Stalemate | Situation in a conflict where neither side can make a winning move. |
| Stock | A proportional share of ownership in a company. |
| Subsidy | Payment made by the government to encourage the development of certain industries. |
| Suburbs | Residential communities surrounding cities. |
| Suffrage | The right to vote. |
