| A | B |
|---|
| Usually precipitated by something- stress, a heavy meal, temperature extremes, sexual excitation, smoking, stimulants, or activity | Angina |
| Location: chest, substernal area, neck, back, arms, jaw, shoulders | Angina and MI |
| May be described as tightness, squeezing, burning | Angina and MI |
| May be described as sharp or stabbing, crushing or oppressive | MI |
| Duration 15 min. or less | Angina |
| Duration: 20--30 min or more | MI |
| Relief obtained from rest or Nitroglycerine | Angina |
| Accompanied by EKG changes: Q wave, inverted T wave, ST elevation | MI |
| Often accompanied by dysrhythmias such as tachycardia, bradycardia, VT, and VF | MI |
| Accompanied by elevated cardiac enzymes (CK-MB, troponin, myoglobin) | MI |
| Transient reversible cellular injury and pain secondary to myocardial ischemia | Angina |
| May be accompanied by anxiety and a feeling of impending doom | Angina and MI |
| May be accompanied by SOB, cold sweat, weakness, paresthesias | Angina and MI |
| May be accompanied by nausea and vomiting | MI |
| May be accompanied by fever | MI |
| May be accompanied by an S3, S4, or a murmur | MI |
| May be accompanied by CHF | MI |
| In this procedure, plaque is shaved off with a rotational blade | Atherectomy |
| A catheter with a balloon is inserted into the artery, inflated, and the plaque is compressed | PTCA/PCI (Percutaneous coronary intervention) |
| A graft from the saphenous vein or internal mammary artery is anastamosed to coronary arteries | CABG |
| An expandable meshlike structure maintains vessel patency by compressing arterial walls | Stent |
| The drug of choice to prevent platelet aggregation in CAD | Aspirin |
| What effect do nitrates have on the heart to help patients with CAD? | Coronary artery vasodilation |
| First line treatment for CAD, dilates the coronary arteries and decreases preload and afterload | Nitrates |
| This drug is used to prevent conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, and to prevent further MI | Low molecular weight heparin |
| These drugs stop the infarction process by breaking up the fibrin meshwork in clots | Fibrinolytics |
| An adjunct during an MI, acts as an analgesic and sedative, reduces preload and myocardial O2 consumption | Morphine |
| These drugs lower LDL and cholesterol by binding with bile acids in the intestine to form an insoluble complex that is secreted in the feces | Bile acid sequestrants |
| These cholesterol lowering drugs interfere with the absorption of many other medications | Bile acid sequestrants |
| Side effects of this lipid lowering drug include flushing, pruritis, and GI distrubances | Niacin (Nicotinic acid) |
| Which organ needs to be monitored for patients taking statin drugs? | Liver |
| The first cardiac enzyme to rise after an MI, but it is not the most specific | Myoglobin |
| This cardiac enzyme rises in 3-12 hours, peaks in 18-24 hours, returns to normal 3-4 days after an MI | CK-MB |
| This protein is highly specific to cardiac tissue and stays elevated for 10-14 days after MI | Troponin |
| Normal cholesterol level | <200 mg/dl |
| Target triglyceride level | 40-190 mg/dl |
| Normal LDL | <130 mg/dl |
| Desirable HDL | Men:37-70 mg/dl, women: 40-88 mg/dl |
