| A | B |
|---|
| Inflammation of inner lining of the heart | Endocarditis |
| Vegetation on heart valves occurs with this | Endocarditis |
| Site of origin may be oropharynx, skin, GI system, or GU tract- Strep veridans a common bug | Endocarditis |
| Patient may have a history of invasive procedures or infection | Endocarditis |
| Frequently seen with IV drug abusers | Endocardits |
| Nonspecific symptoms include fever, chills, fatigue, arthralgia, myalgia, clubbing, and back pain | Endocarditis |
| Symptoms may include petechiae, splinter hemorrhages, Osler's nodes, Janeways lesions, murmurs | Endocarditis |
| May cause systemic emboli to the brain, kidney, liver, spleen, or periphery | Endocarditis |
| What abnormal labs may be seen with endocarditis? | Positive blood cultures, elevated WBCs and ESR |
| May be treated with antibiotics, antipyretics, fluids, and rest | Endocarditis |
| Systemic complications of this may manifest as hematuria, gangrene, or pain | Endocarditis |
| Inflammation of the pericardial sac | Pericarditis |
| May be idiopathic, viral, bacterial or follow an AMI | Pericarditis |
| Usually accompanied by chest pain relieved by leaning forward | Pericarditis |
| May be accompanied by chest pain aggravated by deep breathing, coughing, or swallowing | Pericarditis |
| May be accompanied by pericardial effusion | Pericarditis |
| With a pericardial effusion, pressure on the phrenic nerve causes this symptom | Hiccups |
| Pressure from a pericardial effusion on the phrenic nerve may result in this | Hoarseness |
| The key sign to look for in patients with pericarditis | Pericardial friction rub |
| May be treated with corticosteroids or high dose NSAIDs | Pericarditis |
| Why may a TEE be ordered for suspected endocarditis? | To visualize vegetation on the valves |
| Inflammation of the myocardium | Myocarditis |
| May occur after viral, bacterial, or fungal infections or after exposure to radiation, chemo, or drugs | Myocarditis |
| Symptoms of myocarditis | Fever, fatigue, malaise, myalgias, dyspnea, lymphadenopathy |
| Abnormal lab tests seen in myocarditis | Leukocytosis, elevated ESR, viral titres, and cardiac enzymes |
| Most definitve diagnostic test for myocarditis | Biopsy |
| Most patients with this disorder require no special treatment | Myocarditis |
| Rheumatic fever occurs as a delayed sequela after exposure to what organism? | Group A Beta hemolytic strep |
| Damage to the heart as a result of rheumatic fever | Rheumatic heart disease |
| In rheumatic endocarditis, where does vegetation occur? | The valves |
| In ARF, myocardial nodules that become fibrous and form scar tissue | Aschhoff's bodies |
| In ARF, cellular infiltrates and Aschoff's bodies predispose to this | Heart failure |
| Major diagnostic criteria for Acute Rheumatic Fever | Carditis, Polyarthritis, Chorea, Erythema marginatum, Subcutaneous nodules |
| The most important manifestation of ARF | Carditis |
| Common characteristics of polyarthritis in ARF | Swelling, heat, redness, tenderness; limited ROM; migratory pattern; affects larger joints |
| The major CNS manifestation of ARF | Chorea |
| Describe the characterisitcs of chorea in ARF | Spontaneous, rapid purposeless movement that intensifies with voluntary activity |
| Describe the characterisitcs of erythema marginatum in ARF | Bright pink macular lesions on trunk, upper arms and thighs; nonpruritic; nonpainful; transitory; exacerbated by heat |
| Describe the subcutaneous nodules in ARF | Small, firm, hard, painless swellings over bony prominences |
| This test confirms a recent strep infection | ASO titer |
| These tests used in ARF are indicative of a systemic inflammatory response | ESR and C-reactive protein |
| These antiinflammatory meds are used in ARF to control fever and joint manifestations | Salicylates and corticosteroids |
| Important keys in the prevention of ARF | Early detection and immediate treatment of strep infections |
| The etioloigy of this syndrome is unknown, but may be due to a hypersensitivity reaction to rug shampoo, dust mites, stagnant water | Kawasaki's Disease |
| In Kawasaki's Disease, where does inflammation occur? | Medium and small sized arteries (vasculitis) |
| Symptoms of the acute phase of Kawasaki's | High fever, red swollen hands and feet, conjunctivitis, strawberry tongue, red cracked lips, rashes, swollen lymph nodes |
| What is remarkable about the fever in Kawasaki's disease? | May last 5 or more days; does not respond to antipyretics |
| The vascular changes in the myocardium and coronary arteries in Kawasaki's disease may lead to what PCs? | Aneurysm and MI |
| In Kawasaki's disease, what unusual finding occurs in the subacute phase? | The skin of the palms and soles desquamates |
| This treatment for Kawasaki's decreases inflammation and blocks platelet aggregation | High dose aspirin |
| This treatment for Kawasaki's decreases the immune response | IV gammaglobulin |
