| A | B |
|---|
| atom | the simplest particle of an element that retains all the properties of that element |
| atomic number | the number of protons in an atom |
| bond | attachments |
| chemical reaction | the process of breaking chemical bonds forming new bonds or both |
| compound | a pure substance that is made up of atoms or two or more elements |
| covalent bond | a bond that forms when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
| electron | a particle with a negative electric charge that orbits the nucleus of an atom |
| element | a substance that ordinarily can not be broken down chemically to form simpler kinds of matter |
| energy level | the level of energy in a particle |
| ion | an atom or a compound with a net electrical charge |
| ionic bond | a bond formed by electrical attraction between two oppositely charged ions |
| mass | a fundemental property of an object generally regarded as equivalent to the amount of matter in the object |
| matter | anything that occupies space and has mass |
| molecule | a chemical structure composed of one or more atoms |
| neutron | a subatomic particle with no electric charge |
| nucleus | in an atom, the core of protons and neutrons; in a eukaryotic cell, the organelle that contains most os the DNA and directs most of the cell's activities |
| proton | a subatomic particle with a positive charge |
| activation energy | energy needed to start a reaction |
| catalyst | a chemical that reduces the amount of acitvation energy needed fo a reaction but is not a reactant |
| endergonic reaction | absorbs energy in a reaction |
| energy | ability to do work or cause change |
| enzyme | a catalyst, usually a protein, in living systems |
| exergonic reaction | releases energy in a reaction |
| free energy | energy available to do work |
| oxidation reaction | a chemical reaction in wich a reactant loses one or more electrons, becoming more positive in charge |
| product | a compound formed by a chemical reaction |
| reactant | a compound or atom involve in a chemical reaction |
| redox reaction | a reduction- oxidation reaction in wich electrons are transferred between atoms |
| reduction reaction | a chemical reaction in wich a reactant gains one or more electrons, becoming more negative in charge |
| state | solid, liquid, or gas |
| acid | any substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when added to water solution |
| alkaline | refers to a base |
| aqeous solution | a solution in wich water is the solvent |
| base | any substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions when added to water |
| buffer | chemical that neutralizes small amounts of an acid or base when added to a solution |
| concentration | a measurement of the amount of solute dissolved in a fixed amount of solvent |
| dissociation | the seperating of a molecule into smaller molecules, atoms, radicals, or ions |
| hydronium ion | H3O+ ion |
| hydroxide ion | H+ ion |
| ph scale | numeric range that quantifies the relative concentration of hydrogen ions and hydronium ions in a solution |
| saturated solution | a solution in wich no more solute can dissolve |
| solute | a substance dissolve in a solution |
| solution | a mixture in wich one or more substances are uniformly dissolved into another |
| solvent | in a solution, the substance in which the solute is dissolved |
