| A | B |
| Geology | the study of Earth's composition |
| Oceanography | the study of the water masses on Earth |
| Meteorology | the study of Earth's atmosphere |
| Astronomy | The study of objects beyond Earth |
| Asteroid | an object that revolves around the sun |
| Meteoroid | a chunk of rock or dust in space that usually comes from an asteroid or comet |
| Meteorite | the name for a meteoroid that strikes Earth's surface |
| Meteor | a streak of light produced from a meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere |
| Comet | a chunk of ice and rock whose orbit is a long, narrow ellipse. |
| Abrasion | grinding action which causes rock fragments to become smooth |
| Erosion | Caused by wave impact and pressure |
| Sediments | this forms spits and bars |
| Refraction | causes waves to bend and run parallel to the shore |
| Abyssal | The ocean's basin |
| Intertidal | area that is not always covered with water |
| Neritic | section of ocean that covers the continental shelf |
| Photic | layer of the ocean that receives sunlight |