| A | B |
|---|
| statuatory laws | laws that are passed by lawmaking bodies such as congress, state and local governments |
| Precedent | earlier decision(a judge would follow the decisoin made by another judge in the hearing of a simlar case |
| Common law | law that comes from judges' decisions(made repetitively over time) |
| Administrative laws | laws made by government agencies |
| constitutional laws | law based on the constituton and on Supreme Court decisions interpreting the the constuitution |
| Petit jury | a trial jury is also called a petit jury( made up bye 6 to 12 persons who live in the community) |
| Jurors | men and women of the trial jury who judge the evidence and determine the verdict in a cour case |
| Jury duty | Serving on a jury |
| Verdict | a decision of a jury |
| hung jury | if a jury can not reach a verdict |
| cross-examine | to question a an opponent's witness in court |
| testimony | evidence given in a court by a witness |
| appeal | the right of a convicted person to ask a higher court to review his or her case |
| jurisdiction | the authourity to interpret and administer the law |
| appellate jurisdiction | the authority to be the first courts to hold trials in certain kinds of cases(in which most federal cases are heard |
| district courts | a lower federal court that has original jurisdiction in most cases involving federal laws |
| marshal | arrest persons accussed of breaking federal laws. also deliber official court orders. sit in courtrooms and see that the courts verdicts were carried out |
| subpoena | official court orders that require persons to appear in court |
| federal magistrate | officails taht hear evidence against accused persons and decide whether the cases should be brought before a grand jury. also hear some minor cases |
| courts of appeals | courts that review cases that are appealed from the district courts. Hear appeals from decsions of federal reulatory commisions |
| circuit | the judcial district covered by the us court of appeals |
| territorial courts | established by congress to administer justice to the people living in the us territorial possesions |
| court martial | a trial conducted by military oficer |
| justice | A member of the supremem court ( judges) |
| judicial review | court has the power to determine whether a law is in accord with the constitution |
| unconstitutional | in conflict with the constitution of the US |
| docket | a calandar of cases to be heard by a court |
| remand | return a cse to a lower court for a new trial |
| brief | a written statement explaining the main points of ones side's argument in a court case |
| opinion | a written statement by the US supreme court explaining its reasoning behind a decsion |
| concurring opinon | A statement wtitten by a supreme court justice who agrees with the the majority's decision |
| dissenting opinion | a statement written by a supreme court justice who disagrees with the majority's decision |
| segregated | separated on the basis of race |
| Brown v. board of education | 1954 case in which the supreme court ruled that segregated public schools are unconstitutinal |
| miranda v. arizona | 1966 case in which the supreme court that police must inform a suspects of their rights before questionig them |
| US claims court | US court hears cases involving money claims against the federal government |
| US court of internation trade | US court hears cases involving taxes on imports |
| Tax courts | Court that hears appeals form taxpayers who disagree withthe rulings from the internal revenue service |
| Territorial courts | Court that was established by the congress to administer justice to people libing in US territorial possessions such as guam |
| Court of military appeals | court of fot the nations armed services |
