| A | B |
|---|
| alternation of generations | both a multicellular diploid form (sporophyte) and a multicellular haploid (gametophyte) |
| angiosperm | flowering plant |
| antheridium | male gametangium |
| apical meristem | tips of roots and in the buds of shoots that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length |
| archegonium | female gametangium |
| bryophyte | non-vascular plant that inhabits the land |
| calyptra | protective cap of gametophyte tissue that wholly or partially covers an immature capsule in many mosses |
| capsule | sporangium of a bryophyte |
| cuticle | waxy covering on the surface of stems and leaves prevent desiccation in terrestrial plants |
| embryophyte | land plants share the common derived trait of multicellular |
| foot | gathers sugars |
| gametangia | plant structures in which gametes are formed |
| gametophore | mature gamete-producing structure of a gametophyte body of a moss |
| gametophyte | multicellular haploid form that mitotically produces haploid gametes that unite and grow into the sporophyte generation |
| gymnosperm | vascular plant that bears naked seeds |
| heterosporous | plant species that has two kinds of spores: microspores and megaspores |
| homosporous | has a single kind of spore |
| hornwort | small |
| leaf | main photosynthetic organ of vascular plants |
| lignin | hard material embedded in the cellulose matrix important adaptation for support |
| liverwort | small |
| lycophyte | member of the phylum Lycophyta |
| moss | small |
| megaphyll | leaf with a highly branched vascular system |
| megaspore | develops into a female gametophyte |
| microphyll | lycophytes’ small leaf with a single unbranched vein |
| microspore | develops into a male gametophyte |
| peat | undecayed organic material formed primarily from the wetland moss Sphagnum |
| peristome | upper part of the moss capsule (sporangium) often specialized for gradual spore discharge |
| phloem | elongated tubes that transport sugar and other organic nutrients throughout the plant |
| phragmoplast | alignment of cytoskeletal elements and Golgi-derived vesicles across the midline of a dividing plant cell |
| placental transfer cell | enhances the transfer of nutrients from parent to embryo |
| protonema | mass of green |
| pterophyte | informal name for any member of the phylum Pterophyta |
| rhizoid | cell or filament of cells that anchors bryophytes to the ground |
| root | anchors the plant and enables it to absorb water and nutrients from the soil |
| rosette cellulose-synthesizing complex | proteins that synthesize the cellulose microfibrils of the cell walls |
| seed | embryo packaged along with a store of food within a resistant coat |
| seedless vascular plants | collective name for the phyla Lycophyta (club mosses and their relatives) and Pteridophyta (ferns and their relatives) |
| seta | elongated stalk of a bryophyte sporophyte |
| sorus | cluster of sporangia on a fern sporophyll |
| sporangium | capsule in fungi and plants in which meiosis occurs and haploid spores develop |
| spore | meiotically produced haploid cell that divides mitotically |
| sporocyte | diploid cell |
| sporophyll | lycophyte leaf specialized for reproduction |
| sporophyte | multicellular diploid form that results from a union of gametes and that meiotically produces haploid spores |
| sporopollenin | polymer that covers exposed zygotes of algae and forms walls of plant spores |
| stoma | pore surrounded by guard cells in the epidermis of leaves and stems that allows gas exchange |
| strobili | clusters of sporophylls known commonly as cones |
| tracheid | long |
| vascular plant | plant with vascular tissue |
| vascular tissue | cells joined into tubes that transport water and nutrients |
| xylem | tubular dead cells that conduct most of the water and minerals upward from roots |
