| A | B |
|---|
| Social Change | new societal behaviors with important long-term consequences |
| Social Processes | Series of steps leading to change on a societal level |
| Discovery | Process by which something is learned or reinterpreted. |
| Invention | the creation of something new from previously existing items or processes |
| Diffusion | process by which one culture or society borrows from another culture or society |
| Technology | knowledge and tools used to achieve practical goals |
| Revolution | sudden and complete overthrow of a social or political order. |
| Equilibrium | a society's tendency to react to changes by making adjustments to keep itself in a state of functioning and balance. |
| Urbanism | the idea that urbanization involves a distinct way of life |
| Collective Behavior | the spontaneous behavior of a group of people responding to a similar stimulus |
| Collectivity | collection of people who do not normally interact and who do not share clearly defined norms |
| Dispersed Collectivity | collection of people who are not physically connected but who follow common rules or respond to common stimuli |
| Rumor | a widely circulating piece of information that is not verified as being true or false |
| Urban Legend | a moralistic tale the teller swears happened to someone he or she knows |
| Fad | an unusual behavior pattern that spreads rapidly and disappears quickly |
| Fashion | a widely accepted behavior pattern that changes periodically |
| Mass Hysteria | Collective anxiety created by acceptance of one or more false beliefs |
| Panic | occus when people react to a real threat in fearful, anxious, and often self-damaging ways |
| Crowd | a temporary collection of people who share an immediate common interest |
| Mob | emotional crowd ready to use violence for a specific purpose |
| Riot | episode of largely random destruction and violence carried out by a crowd |
| Contagion Theory | states that members of a crowd stimulate each other to higher and higher levels of emotion and irrational behavior |
| Emergent Norm Theory | states that norms develop to guide crowd behavior |
| Convergence Theory | states that crowds are formed by people who deliberately congregate with like-minded others |
| Social Movement | the most strcutured and rational form of collective behavior; goal is to promote or prevent social change |
| Revolutionary Movement | a social movement that attempts to change the total structure of society |
| Reformative Movement | a social movement that attempts to make limited changes in society |
| Redemptive Movement | A social movement that seeks to change people completely |
| Value-added Theory | holds that certain conditions must exist for social movements to occur |
| Resource Mobiliation Theory | focuses on the use of resources to achieve goals. |
| War | Organized, armed conflict that occurs within a society or between nations |
| Alternative movement | a social movement that focuses on bringing about limited changes in people |
