| A | B |
| census | an official count of people |
| les filles du roi | "daughters of the King" women who where sponsored by the King to come to New France to marry |
| intendant | an important government official who was responsible for the day to day running of the colony |
| martyr | a person who suffers or dies defending his or her beliefs |
| mercenary | a soldier who fights in a foreign army for pay, not for the country |
| Recollets | the earliest missionaries |
| tithes | taxes |
| engage | men who were hired to work for three years in return for a plot of land |
| habitant | French Canadian farmers |
| Jesuits | priests from The Society of Jesus |
| mercantilism | a type of trade so that the colony exists for the financial gain of the parent country |
| missionary | came to bring the "Word of God" to the Aboriginal Peoples and convert them to Christianity |
| Royal Government | took responsibility for running the colony from the fur trading companies and put it directly in the hands of France |