| A | B |
|---|
| oceanic plate | dense plates made of basalt |
| subduction | one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate, sinking into the Earth's mantle, as the plates converge |
| white smoker | hydrothermal vents with silicon, calcium, or barium minerals |
| black smoker | hydrothermal vents with sulfide minerals |
| lithosphere | is the rigid outermost shell of a earth |
| plate techtonics | scientific theory which describes the large scale motions of Earth's lithosphere |
| divergent boundary | boundary where two tectonic plates are moving away from one anothe |
| convergent boundary | where plates crash or crunch together are |
| transform fault | a large horizontal displacement in the mid ocean ridge |
| ring of fire | zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that encircles the basin of the Pacific Ocean |
| magnetic anomalies | magnetic bands in the seafloor that run parallel to the midocean ridge |
| basalt | mineral that is the main component of oceanic plates |
| granite | mineral that is the main component of continental plates |
| magma | mixture of molten rock, volatiles and solids[1] that is found beneath the surface of the Earth |
| trench | long but narrow topographic depressions of the sea floor |
| pluton | A body of igneous rock formed beneath the surface of the earth by consolidation of magma. |
| rift valley | a valley with steep sides; formed by a rift in the earth's crust |
| hydrothermal vents | underwater cracks in the ocean floor where water superheated by geothermal activity |
| pillow basalt | shape of basalt that forms in submarine eruptions |
| tube worms | inverts that live at hydrothermal vents with chemosynthetic bacteria |
| seamount | undersea volcano |
| knolls | undersea hill less than l00 m |
| submarine canyon | steep canyon formed by river flow eroding into the continental shelf |
| bank | low mounds that cover a general area |
| NOAA | national oceanic and atmospheric administration |
| vent chimney | tower of minerals formed by hydro thermal vents |
| lithosphere | crust and the top layer of mantle that the crust floats on |
| subduction zone | where two plates collide |
| fault | where two plates slide past each other (transform boudary) |
| transform boundary | sliding plate boundary |
| earthquakes | release of energy when two plates get stuck and then reelase |
