| A | B |
|---|
| Complete sentence | a sentence is complete if it has both a subject noun phrase (or subject) and a verb phrase (predicate). |
| Subject | tells who or what the sentence is about. Ask yourself “Who is doing something in this sentence? What is someone doing in the sentence? |
| Predicate | tells what the subject does, did, is or was. Ask yourself “Which word (or words) is telling me what the subject is doing or being? |
| Types of sentences | declarative, imperative, interrogative, exclamatory. |
| Declarative | tells us something, is a statement, ends with a period |
| Interrogative | asks for information, asks a question, normally ends with a question mark, unless it is a sentence like “Please interrogate the witness” in which that would have a period. |
| Imperative | gives a command, makes a request, ends with a period or exclamation point depending on the type of command or request. If you say “You must get my car keys!” you must use an exclamation point. If you say “Please get my telescope” which is asking something, then you would use a period. Get it? |
| Exclamatory | shows lots of feelings or excitement, ends with exclamation point. |
| Nouns | gives names to people, places, things and ideas |
| Possessive nouns | shows more then one thing, Ex. Dog is singular because there is only one of them. If I say “dogs” then there is more than one dog. |
| Singular possessive | If you say “The Dog’s bone was big” the word “Dog’s is possessive because the dog owns/possesses the bone and there is only one dog. |
| Plural possessive | With the sentence “The Dog’s bone was big”-if there was more than one dog, then you would make “dogs” plural possessive by showing “dogs’ possessive” because the dogs still own/possess the bone, but there is more than one dog. |
| Verb | shows action, shows state of being, links nouns to other words in sentences. |
| Action verbs | expresses some movement or action of the subject |
| State of being verbs | shows what a person or thing is instead of does. Ex. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being and been are the only types of these verbs. |
| Linking verbs | join or link the subject to a word in the predicate. Include the words “taste, feel, smell, sound, look, appear, become, seem, grow, remain, stay. |
| Adjectives | describe, limit or point out nouns |
| Possessive nouns | do the work of adjectives, tells what kind |
| Possessive pronoun | do the work of adjectives, tells which kind |
| Pronouns | words that you use instead of nouns or noun phrases, take the function of whatever noun or noun phrase is being replaced. Ex. They would be used instead of Mr. and Mrs. Eisenhour. |
| Personal pronouns | indicates whether the pronouns refers to the person speaking, the person spoken to or the person or thing spoken about. |
| First person | if you are speaking |
| Second person | the person you are speaking to |
| Third person | if you are speaking about someone |
| Nominative case | pronouns used as the subject of a sentence |
| Objective | pronouns used as objects |
| Possessive pronouns | indicate ownership, can be used as predicate nominatives |
| Indefinite pronouns | pronoun that is not specific or refers to a special person or thing |
| Demonstrative pronouns | pronouns that are specific to a thing or person, also called pointing words. |
| Preposition | can be combined with a noun or pronoun to form a phrase that tells something about some other word in a sentence. |
| Prepositional phrase | group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with an object of preposition, usually a noun or pronoun. |
| Adverb phrase | prepositional phrases that describe when, where, or why the action is complete. |
| Conjunction | a word that joins words or groups of words |
| Coordinating conjunction | joins words or phrases of the same part of speech or function in the sentence. |
| Compound sentence | joining complete sentences together by using a coordinating conjunction |
| Interjection, | word or phrase that expresses strong feeling, often punctuated as a complete sentence. |
