| A | B |
|---|
| Abraham | the father of three religions; worshiped Yahweh as the one true God, and taught others to do the same |
| Canaan | A piece of land separating Egypt from Mesopotamia |
| Canaanites | Wandering herders from the desert south and east of Canaan |
| Carthage | A famous colony of the Phoenicians in modern-day Tunisia |
| colonies | Permanent settlements |
| covenant | Agreement |
| David | King of the Hebrews who established Jerusalem as the capital and wrote many of the psalms |
| descendants | offspring, such as children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren |
| Dido | The ruler of Tyre who fled and founded Carthage in northern Africa. |
| Exodus | The Hebrews' escape from Egypt |
| holy of holies | The most sacred chamber in a temple |
| Israel | A kingdom established in the northern part of the country after Solomon's death |
| Jerusalem | The capital of the Hebrew kingdom established by David |
| Joshua | brought the Hebrews safely into the Promised Land after Moses' death; united the twelve tribes of |
| Judah | A southern kingdom, which was ruled from Jerusalem |
| judge | A temporary leader who settled disputes and led troops into battle |
| meaning of "phoenician" | "Of purple merchants" |
| Melqart | The god of Tyre |
| Moses | Led the Hebrews' escape from Egypt and renewed the agreement Abraham made with Yahweh |
| murex | A shellfish |
| nomadic | Wandering |
| Philistines | A group of Canaanites who lived in southern Canaan along the Mediterranean coast. |
| Phoenicians | A group of Canaanites who lived in the norther part of Canaan |
| prophets | People claiming to have messages from God |
| psalms | Sacred songs found in the Bible |
| Ramses II | Believed to be the pharaoh who tried to stop the Hebrews from fleeing Egypt |
| sabbath | day of rest |
| Saul | A warrior-farmer who became the Hebrews' first king |
| Mount Sinai | The place where Moses received the message and the Ten Commandments from Yahweh |
| social justice | Everyone had a right to be treated fairly |
| Solomon | David's son, who became king after David's death; built the Temple in Jerusalem |
| Ten Commandments | religious laws given to Moses as part of the renewal of the agreement made between the Hebrews and Abraham |
| Torah | five Hebrew holy books |
| treaties | Agreements between states or countries |
| Tyre | One of the largest independent city-states in Phoenicia |
| Tyrus | The girlfriend of Melqart who would not marry him until she had a gown of purple |
| Ur | The city where Abraham led his followers from on the way to Canaan |
| urns | Ornamental vases for burying the dead |
| Yahweh | a name for God; "He who must not be named" |
| rabbi | Hebrew teacher |
