| A | B |
|---|
| Nas/o and rhin/o | Nose |
| nares | nostrils |
| nasogastric tube | a tube that passes through the nose down to the stomach |
| cilia | hair |
| olfactory receptors are responsible for the sense of ______ | smell |
| sinus | air-filled or fluid-filled spaces |
| sinus/o | sinus |
| the pharynx is commonly called the______ | throat |
| pharyng/o | throat |
| Function of the soft palate | closes druing swallowing to prevent food from going into the nasal cavity |
| funtion of the epiglottis | closes during swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea and into the lungs |
| the larynx is commonly called the ________ | voice box |
| laryng/o | voice box |
| thorax | chest cavity |
| the trachea is commonly called the ________ | windpipe |
| Alveoli | air sacs in which most of the gas exchange occurs |
| Cost/o | ribs |
| thorac/o | chest or chest cavity |
| lung | main organ of respiration |
| pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneu | lung or air |
| pulm/o and pulmon/o | lung |
| Diaphragm | a muscle that separates the thoracic and peritoneal cavities |
| Diaphragmatic hernia | an abnormal displacement of organs through the diaphragm |
| Inhalation or inspiration | drawing in of breath |
| exhalation or expiration | the release of breath |
| -pnea | breathing |
| Apnea | absence of breathing |
| dyspnea | difficult or labored breathing |
| Bradypnea | abnormally slow respiratory rate |
| Tachypnea | abnormally rapid respiratory rates |
| hyperpnea | abnormal increase in the rate and depth of respirations |
| hypopnea | abnormally slow or shallow respirations |
| hyperventilation | abnormally rapid deep breathing, which results in decreased levels of CO2 |
| agonal breathing | respirations near death or during extreme suffering |
| Orthopnea | a respiratory ailment in which the sufferer forms a stance to draw in more air. Bulldog stance or cats with a stretched neck |
| Hypoxia | inadequate supply of oxygen to tissue despite an adequate blood supply |
| Hypercapnia | high CO2 |
| Hypocapnia | Low CO2 |
| stridor | snoring, squeaking, or whistling that suggests airway narrowing |
| tidal volume | amount of air exchanged during normal respiration (one breath) |
| dead space | air in the pathway of the respiratory system where gas exchange does not occur |
| sputum | mucus secretion from the lower respiratory tract |
| phlegm | thick mucus secreted by the respiratory lining |
| thoracocentesis | puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid or air from the pleural cavity |
| Pneumothorax | an abnormal accumulation of air in the thoracic cavity |
| asphyxiation | suffocation |
| aspiration | inhalation of a foreign substance |
| atelectasis | incomplete expansion of the alveoli; collapse of a lung |
| cyanosis | blue discoloration of the skin or MM caused by hypoxia |
| epistaxis | nosebleed |
| hemoptysis | spitting of blood from the lower respiratory tract |
| hemothorax | blood in the chest cavity |
| Pulmonary edema | accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue |
| pyothorax | pus in the chest cavity |
| Upper respiratory infection (URI) | invasion of the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, or larynx by pathogenic organisms |
