| A | B |
|---|
| a response that nerves and muscles provide to various movements | reflex |
| the rubberband-like flexibility of muscles, tendons, and other connective tissues | elasticity |
| a condition of too much flexibility | hyperflexibility |
| various degrees of motion allowed around a joint | range of motion |
| exercises that increase your ability force through explosive movements | plyometric training |
| occurs when one muscle group is much stronger than another muscle group controlling the same joint | muscle imbalance |
| exercises that involve quick up-and-down movements that are held briefly | ballistic stretching |
| injury to the muscles, ligaments, tendons, or joints of the low back | low back injury |
| exercises that challenge the reflexes to adapt | reflex-assisted stretching |
| exercises in which a partner or device provides the force for a stretch | passive stretching |
| the part of the musculature system that delivers the message from the brain | nerve |
| muscles located around bones and joints that control movement | skeletal muscle |
| a male hormone that plays an important role in building muscles | testosterone |
| muscle enlargement due to muscle fibers splitting | hyperplasia |
| to shorten in length | contract |
| long, thin structures the size of human hairs that contrat to create movement | muscle fiber |
| muscles of the heart and arteries | cardiac muscle |
| when no movement occurs to a mucle during contraction due to an immovable object | isometric contraction |
| muscle enlargement due to the thickening of existing muscle fibers | hypertrophy |
| the shortening of a muscle resulting in the movement of bones and joints | concentric contraction |
| the range of motion joints have during movement | flexibility |
| the area of your body that determines how your weight is distributed | center of gravity |
| to change and control the direction and positino of the body while maintaining constant rapid motion | agility |
| a unit of measurement for energy | kilocalorie |
| to move the body or any of its parts swiftly | speed |
| to control or stabilize equilibrium while moving or standing still | balance |
| the use of sight and sound to determine and direct smooth movement | coordination |
| the ratio of water, bone, and fat in the body | body composition |
| the energy required to perform physical activity | energy cost |
| to respond quickly to sight, sound, or touch | reaction time |
| occuring over a short period of time | acute |
| the type of activity you should do according to a personal fitness prescription | mode |
| the amound and frequency of an activity | dose |
| how hard you should work according to a personal fitness prescription | intensity |
| how often you should work according to a personal fitness prescription | frequency |
| engaging in regular fitness activities that result in fitness improvement | conditioning |
| exercising too much leading to overuse injuries | overtraining |
| occurring over an extended time period | chronic |
| type of stretching that is done in a slow and smooth manner | static |
| low intensity activities designed to prepare your body for excercise | warm-up |
| an individual who specializes in nutritional advice | dietitian |
| a professional who specializes in injuries and disorders of the feet | podiatrist |
| an individual who specializes in physical fitness | fitness specialist |
| an individual who specializes in wellness and personal fitness | health educator |
| an activity that people participate in during their free time | leisure activity |
| a physical activity that people participate in for long periods of time | lifetime activity |
| free, nonwork time | leisure |
| a pull, tear, or rip in a muscle | strain |
| to replace fluids that were lost from the body | rehydration |
| a substance that promotes water loss | diuretic |
| overheating the body | hyperthermia |
| damage to the body tissues due to freezing | frostbite |
| bands of tissue that conntect muscle to bone | tendon |
| the ability to continue a program over time | adherence |
| movement of the foot, where the foot strikes the ground on the outside of the heel | supination |
| principles of physics applied to human movement | biomechanics |
| the inward rolling of the foot in walking or jogging | pronation |
| the response of your body as you adapt to stressors | stress |
| susceptibility due to genetic makeup | predisposition |
| length of a person's life | longevity |
| the blockage of blood flow to the brain | stroke |
| a blood fat | cholesterol |
| excessive body fat: 20% above appropriate weight | obesity |
| the attainment and maintenance of a moderate to high level of health | wellness |
| physical activity that is planned and improves personal fitness | exercise |
| to be inactive or a "couch potato" | sedentary |
| a condition which makes the bones porous and brittle | osteoporosis |
| an eating disorder where people overeat and then forcce themselves to vomit afterwards | bulimia |
| a heavier, rounder somatotype | endomorph |
| carrying too much body fat | overfat |
| an eating disorder where people abnormally restrict caloric intake | anorexia nervosa |
| a muscular somatotype | mesomorph |
| the type of body you have in terms of body composition due to heredity | somatotype |
| the amount of calories you expend while at rest | resting metabolic rate |
| balance of calories consumed and calories burned | energy balance |
| a slender, lean somatotype | ectomorph |
| the number of calories burned in daily physical activity | caloric expenditure |
| blood vessel that carries blood to the heart | vein |
| means "with oxygen" | aerobic |
| alternating high-intensity exercises with low intensity recovery bouts | interval training |
| a muscle used for breathing: located at the ribs | intercostal |
| a muscle used for breathing: located at the lower part of the stomach | abdominal |
| means "without oxygen" | anaerobic |
| blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart | artery |
| the force at which blood presses against the walls of the arteries | blood pressure |
| restriction of the breathing passage | asthma |
| an iron-rich compound found in the blood | hemoglobin |
