| A | B |
|---|
| Nominative case | indicates the subject of the sentence (who or what is doing something) |
| Accusative case | indicates the direct object of the sentence and shows whom or what a direct action is affecting. |
| Genitive case | generally means 'of'(somebody or something) and suggests some sort of possession. |
| Dative case | denotes an indirect object and in English is usually indicated by 'to' or 'for' |
| Locative case | is used to indicate where an action is taking place. |
| Instrumental case | is used to express the means by which an action is done, that is, the 'instrument' used. |
| Vocative case | is used to address a person, animal or thing. |
