| A | B |
|---|
| The War Hawks in Congress | A group of Southern and Western Congressmen who, unlike the Founding Fathers, were not afraid to go to war with Britain because of honor, a desire to obtain new territories, and take care of the Indian threat once and for all |
| Impressment, the Orders-in-Council, the desire for new land, the emergence of War Hawks | The United States decides to go to war with Britain in 1812 |
| New England's commercial interest and strong Federalist Party ties | New England was opposed to the War of 1812 from the beginning |
| The U.S. invasion of Canada | A U.S. defeat and a boon to Canadian nationalism |
| The burning of York in Canada | The British burned Washington D.C. in retaliation |
| The Battles of Tippecanoe and Horseshoe Bend, and the death of Tecumseh | The Native Americans east of the Mississippi River were crushed and William Henry Harrison and Andrew Jackson became national heroes |
| The gathering of New England Federalists at the Hartford Convention in December 1814 | The death of the Federalist Party |
| The renewal of the Napoleonic Wars and Russia's desire for Britain to focus on France | The Treaty of Ghent (24 December 1814) ends the War of 1812 with a status quo of antebellum |
| Slow communication, especially across the Atlantic Ocean | The War of 1812 was declared after Britain repealed the Orders-in-Council and the Battle of New Orleans was fought after the Treaty of Ghent |
| The Rush-Bagot Treaty | Established a foundation for peaceful relations between the U.S. and British Canada by demilitarizing the Great Lakes |
| The Battle of New Orleans | Inspired a wave of nationalism and patriotism after the War of 1812 and made Andrew Jackson the era's greatest war hero |
| The need to become more economically self-sufficient after the War of 1812 | Henry Clay's American System |
| The death of the Federalist Party and no immediate succession to take its place | The Era of Good Feelings from 1816 to 1824 |
| The Panic of 1819 | Demonstrated the pain of the Market Economy and did much damage to national unity as the South blamed its hardships on the tariff and the West on the Bank |
| Defeat of the Indians, internal improvements, and favorable government land policies | Rapid growth of the west after the War of 1812 |
| Missouri being the 1st state (other than Louisiana) to apply for statehood from the Louisiana Purchase | Sectional tensions as the balance of slave and free states was threatened |
| The Missouri Compromise (1820) | Temporarily resolved sectional tensions by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, and determined the status of slavery in the Louisiana Purchase by prohibiting slavery north of 36'30 |
| John Marshall's tenure as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (1801-1835) | The Supreme Court became a powerful branch, the powers of the federal government were increased over the states', and business interests were protected |
| McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) | The Court ruled the federal government was superior to the states and the Bank was constitutional based on the Necessary and Proper Clause |
| Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) | It was the power of the federal government, not the states, was to regulate interstate commerce |
| John Quincy Adams' tenure as Secretary of State | U.S. foreign policy was strengthened by the Rush-Bagot Treaty, securing joint occupation of Oregon, annexing Florida from Spain, and issuing the Monroe Doctrine |
| Andrew Jackson's invasion of Florida and Spain deciding they would lose it anyway | The Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) |
| Spain's deteriorating power in the New World | Several Latin American colonies, such as Mexico, rebelled and won their independence |
| Fears that European powers would take over the newly independent Latin American countries | The U.S., with British backing, issued the Monroe Doctrine |
| The Monroe Doctrine's impact on U.S. foreign policy | The U.S. has seen itself as the protector of the Western Hemisphere for almost 200 years |
