| A | B |
| Tsunami | Huge sea wave caused by an earthquake on the ocean floor. |
| Archipelago | Group of islands. |
| Intensive Cultivation | Growing crops on every available piece of land. |
| Clan | Group of people related to one another. |
| Shogun | Military leader in early Japan. |
| Samurai | Powerful land-owning warriors in Japan. |
| Constitutional Monarchy | Government in which a king or queen is the official head of state, but elected officials run the government. |
| Megalopolis | Pattern of heavy urban settlement over a large area. |
| Parallel | Location north or south of the equator, measured by imaginary lines that are numbered in degrees north or south. |
| Famine | Lack of food. |