| A | B |
|---|
| PLATEAU | A FLAT ELEVATED AREA OF LAND |
| PLAIN | AN AREA OF FLAT, OPEN LAND |
| CITY-STATE | A SELF-GOVERNING UNIT MADE UP OF A CITY AND ITS SURROUNDING VILLAGES AND FARMLAND |
| ADMINISTRATOR | A PERSON WHO MANAGES OR DIRECTS A GOVERNMENT OR ORGANIZATION |
| ARTISAN | A WORKER WHO IS SKILLED AT MAKING A PARTICULAR PRODUCT BY HAND |
| EPIC | A LONG POEM ABOUT A HERO |
| NOMAD | ONE OF A GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO MIGRATE WITH THEIR FLOCKS AND HERDS, MOVING WITH THE SEASONS TO FIND PASTURE AND WATER |
| POLYTHEISM | BELIEF IN MORE THAN ONE GOD |
| PICTOGRAPH | PICTURE-WRITING; A PICTURE THAT STANDS FOR A WORD OR IDEA |
| CUNEIFORM | WEDGE-SHAPED CHARACTERS MADE WITH A REED STYLUS AND USED IN WRITING SEVERAL ANCIENT LANGUAGES |
| SCRIBE | A PROFESSIONAL WRITER OR RECORD KEEPER |
| EMPIRE | A NATION AND THE OTHER NATIONS IT HAS CONQUERED; A POLITICAL UNIT OFTEN MADE UP OF SEVERAL NATIONS UNDER ONE AUTHORITY |
| CODE | ANY ORGANIZED SET OF LAWS OR RULES |
| EXILE | ENFORCED ABSENCE FROM ONE'S COUNTRY |
| ASTRONOMER | A SCIENTIST WHO OBSERVES AND STUDIES CELESTIAL BODIES SUCH AS STARS AND THE PLANETS |
| IRRIGATION | THE ACT OF SUPPLYING DRY LANDS WITH WATER BY MEANS OF CANALS, DITCHES, PIPES, AND STREAMS |
| FERTILE CRESENT | THE LAND MADE FERTILE BECAUSE ANCIENT FARMERS USED WATER FROM THE TIGRIS AND EUPHRATES RIVERS TO IRRIGATE CROPS |
| SARGON | FIRST EMPIRE |
| SHAMSHI-ADAD | RULED WITH FORCE AND TRADE |
| HAMMURABI | CREATED THE LAW CODE |
| GOVERNMENT OF CITY-STATES | KINGS AND PRIESTS |
| FROMS OF WRITNG | PICTOGRAPHS AND CUNEIFROMS |
| ADAD-NIRARI | ARMIES LOOTED AND PLUNDERED, GATHERING GOLD, SILVER, JEWELS, AND OTHER WEALTH |
| NEBUCHADNEZZAR | REBUILT THE ZIGGURAT AND NAMED THE HANGING GARDENS AS ON OF THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD |
| NABONIDUS | THE FALL OF THE BABYLONIAN EMPIRE OCCURED UNDER THIS RULER |
