| A | B |
|---|
| aldosterone | causes sodium reabsorption by the kidneys |
| creatinine | endogenous waste product of muscle energy metabolism |
| glomerulus | tuft of capillaries forming part of the nephron through which filtration occurs |
| micturition | voiding |
| specific gravity | reflects weight of particles dissolved in the urine |
| does not normally appear in the urine | glucose |
| kidneys responsible for excreting 90% of this product | potassium |
| retention of postassium | most life-threatening effect of renal failure |
| osmolality | reflects the maximum dilution and concentration abilities of the kidneys |
| low osmolality | dilute urine |
| high osmolality | concentrated urine |
| normal specific gravity | 1.010 to 1.025 |
| antidiuretic hormone | vasopressin |
| renin | regulation of blood pressure |
| clearance | ability of kidneys to clear solutes from plasma |
| creatinine clearance | measurement of glomerular filtration rate |
| erythropoietin | assists in production of red blood cells |
| urinalysis | tests protein, glucose, and ketone bodies |
| 24-hour urine test | creatinine clearance |
| creatinine level | 0.6-1.2 mg/dl |
| BUN | 7-18 mg/dl |
| blood urea nitrogen | nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism |
| KUB | kidney, ureters and bladder x-ray |
| renal angiography | image of renal arteries and can be used to evaluate renal blood flow |
