| A | B |
|---|
| Parmenides | denied reality of motion |
| Thales | water underlies everything |
| Heraclitus | fire underlies everything |
| Anaxamines | air underlies everything |
| Zeno | Arrow can't hit target |
| Begging the Question | Informal Logical Fallacy |
| Categorical Syllogism | All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal. |
| Metaphysics | study of the nature of reality |
| Epistemology | study of the nature of knowledge |
| Axiology | study of the nature of value |
| Logic | principles of right reasoning |
| Plato | Theory of Form |
| Absolute Skeptic | self-contradictory |
| Idealism | everything is mind and ideas |
| Materialism | Everything is matter |
| Descartes | Father of Modern Philosophy |
| analytic knowledge | true by definition |
| synthetic knowledge | statement about real world |
| a priori knowledge | know apart from experience |
| a posteriori knowledge | know from experience |
| analytic a priori knowledge | "barking dogs bark" |
| synthetic a posteriori knowledge | "The sky is blue" |
| Cosmological Argument | no effect without adequate cause |
| Teleological Argument | design points to a Designer |
| Moral Argument for God | morality points to a Divine Lawgiver |
| Socratic Method | ask questions |
| Empiricism | experience is the source of knowledge |
| Rationalism | Intellect is the source of knowledge |
| Plato's innate ideas | acquired in pre-existence |
| John Locke | mind is tabula rasa at birth |
| Law of Excluded Middle | Something either is or is not |
| Law of Identity | Something is what it is |
| deductive argument | premises guarantee conclusion |
| inductive argument | premises suggest conclusion |
| The attempt to think rationally and critically about the most important questions | Definition of philosophy |
| Disjunctive Syllogism | I will go to GBS or UBC. I did not go to UBC. Therefore, I went to GBS. |
| Hypothetical Syllogism | If I work hard, I will pass. I worked hard. Therefore, I passed the class. |
