| A | B |
| ancient | very, very old |
| explorer | a person who travels to little-known places |
| global positioning system | a tool that tells exactly where you are on Earth |
| iceberg | a large, floating body of ice that broke off a glacier |
| label | to mark something by writing it down |
| mathematician | a person who studies math |
| Mt. Erebus | an active volcano on Antarctica |
| region | a large part of the surface of the Earth |
| rookery | a large group of penguins |
| scale | a system of numbers to tell us how hot, how long, how much, etc. |
| similar | related but not exactly |
| sonar | a tool that helps locate things underwater |
| South Pole | the southernmost point on Earth |
| thermometer | a tool that measures heat |