| A | B |
|---|
| ANS | Autonomic nervous system |
| visceral reflexes | unconscious, automatic |
| The divisions of the ANS | sympathetic and parasympathetic |
| sympathetic | fight or flight response (increased alertness, heart rate, blood flow, etc) |
| parasympathetic | calming effect (reduced energy expendicture...resting and digesting state) |
| autonomic tone | the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic |
| Central nervous system | Nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord |
| Peripheral nervous system | nervous system outside f the brain and spinal cord |
| Where is the ANS located? | The ANS has components in both the CNS and the PNS. |
| The pathway of the somatiicn effernet innervation | Always uses ACh (acetylcholine) as the neurotransmitter |
| Autonomic effernt innervation | uses ACh with the preganglionic synapse and either ACh or NE witht eh postganglionic synapse |
| sympathetic nervous system | originate in the thoracolumbar region- myelinated |
| white communicating ramus | myelin covered |
| gray communicating ramus | non myelin covered |
| postganglionic neuron | non myelinated |
| the sympathetic chain gangilia patways | 1. sympathetic nerve route, 2. spinal nerve route, 3. splanchnic nerve route |
| Collateral ganglia | network called the abdominal aortic plexus. The three major colleteral are: celiac, superior mesenteric and inferior messenteric ganglia |
| wher are the adernal glands (suprarenal) located? | rest on top of the kidneys |
| where is the aderenal medulla? | the center of the adreanal gland |
| where is the aderenal cortex? | the outer rind of the adrenal gland |
| solar plexus | a collective name for the celiac and superior mesenteric ganglia (term comes from the nerves radiating like the rays of the sun) |
| sympathoadrenal sysytem | what some call the SNS and adrenal medula. Since their functions are so closely related. |
| catecholamines | epinephrine(adrenaline), norepi (noradrenline), dopamine |
| What hormones does the adrenal cortex release? | a mixture of epi, norepi and dopamine. |
| what is the parasympathetic division also called? | craniosacral division, because it arrises from the brain and sacral region of the spinal cord. |
| the Enteric Nervous system | the digestive tracts own nervous system |
| reflex arcs | when a nerve fires, you always get the same response |
| megacolon | hirschsprung disease- causes severe constipation |
