| A | B |
|---|
| arthr | joint |
| hepat | liver |
| ven | vein |
| oste | bone |
| intra- | within |
| sub- | below |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| -ous | pertaining to |
| -pathy | disease |
| -megaly | enlargement |
| bi- | two |
| uni- | one |
| -ad | toward |
| -ior | pertaining to |
| anter/o | front |
| caud/o | tail or downward |
| cephal/o | head or upward |
| dist/o | away from the point of reference |
| dors/o | back |
| infer/o | below |
| later/o | side |
| medi/o | middle |
| poster/o | back or behind |
| proxim/o | near the point of reference |
| super/o | above |
| ventr/o | belly or front |
| caudad | toward the tail; downward |
| cephalad | toward the head; upward |
| lateral | pertaining to a side |
| medial | pertaining to the middle |
| unilateral | pertaining to one side only |
| bilateral | pertaining to two sides |
| mediolateral | pertaining to the middle and to the side |
| distal | pertaining to away from the point of reference |
| proximal | pertaining to near to the point of reference |
| inferior | pertaining to below |
| superior | pertaining to above |
| caudal | pertaining to the tail |
| cephalic | pertaining to the head |
| anterior | pertaining to the front |
| posterior | pertaining to the back |
| dorsal | pertaining to the back |
| ventral | pertaining to the belly or front |
| anteroposterior | pertaining to the front and to the back |
| posteroanterior | pertaining to the back and to the front |
| frontal or coronal | vertical field passing through the body from side to side, dividng the body into anterior and posterior portions |
| midsagittal | transverse field running through the body from front to back at the medline, dividing the body equally into right and left halves |
| parasagittal | vertical field running through the body from front to back, dividing the body into unequal left and right sides |
| sagittal | vertical field running through the body from front to back, dividing the body into right and left sides, parallel to the midsagittal plane |
| transverse | horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions |
| Fowler position | semi-sitting position with slight elevation of the knees |
| lithotomy position | lying on back with legs raised and feet in stirrups |
| orthopnea position | sitting erect in a chair/sitting upright in bed supported by pillows behind the head and chest |
| prone position | lying on abdomen, facing downward; head may be turned to one side |
| recumbent position | lying down in any position |
| Sims position | lying on left side with right knee drawn up and with left arm drawn behind, parallel to the back |
| supine position | lying on back, facing upward |
| Trendelebarg position | lying on back with body tilted so that the neck is lower than the feet |
| umbilical region | around the navel |
| lumbar regions | to the right and left of the umbilical region, near the waist |
| epigastric region | superior to the umbilical region, generally above the stomach |
| hypochondriac regions | to the right and left of the epigastric region |
| hypogastric region | inferior to the umbilical region |
| iliac regions | to the right and left of the hypogastric region, near the groin |
| right upper quadrant | the area encompassing the right lobe of the liver, the gallbladder, part of the pancreas, and portions of the small and large intestines |
| left upper quandrant | the area encompassing the left lobe of the liver, the stomach, part of the pancreas, and portions of the small and large intestines |
| right lower quadrant | the area encompassing portions of the small and large intestines, the appendix, the right ureter, and the right ovary and uterine tube in women or the right spermatic duct in men |
| left lower quadrant | the area encompassing portions of the small and large intestines, the left ureter, and the left ovary and uterine tube in women or the left spermatic duct in men |
