| A | B |
|---|
| "general will" | sacred and absolute law; reflecting common interests of all (i.e. the people who have faith in the sovereign monarch) |
| nuclear & extended family | a married couple living on their own to raise children vs. 3 or 4 generations living in the same household; headed by a matriarch or patriarch |
| pietism | Protestant revival in the 18th c in Germany; stressed emotional religion, priesthood of all believers and people leading moral lives |
| lunatic | espresses 18th c view of mentally ill: they were thought to deserve prisoner status and that their craziness was caused by moonlight |
| midwife | woman that delivers babies; usually older and of modest classes; didn't involve husbands/doctors in births |
| blood-letting | common 17th c medical practice that got rid of "bad blood;" sped death instead of aiding patient |
| white bread | food originating in the 18th c; sifted out germ, which led to deline in nutrition |
| scurvy | disease caused by lack of vitamins A & C (often from lack of vegetables); symptoms include rotting gums and weakness |
| "just price" | a cost for goods/services that protects both the consumers and the producers |
| 'Emile' | Jean-Jacque Rousseau's treatise; encouraged kinder treatment of children: supported foundling homes, discouraged infanicide and use of tight infant swaddling |
| carnival | annual festival before Lent for lower classes; included parites, processions and much drinking |
| wet nursing | 17th/18th c practice of hiring a lower-class woman to nurse a child; often led to harming of children (some women even hired to malnourish a child) |
| John Wesley | (1703-1791) Englishman that founded Methodism (which caused religious revival in England); he was influened by Pietism; didn't believe in predestination |
| Edward Jenner | man that developed smallpox vaccine, using cowpox; findings published in 1798 |
| Daniel Defoe | (1659-1731) novelist who proclaimed the usefulness of the mercantile system in England; also an advocate of fair treatment for children during the cottage industry; coined the phrase "spare the rod and spoil the child" |
