A | B |
chemotherapeutic drug | chemical used for treatment, relief, or prophylaxis of disease |
prophylaxis | use of drug to prevent infection |
antimicrobial chemotherapy | using drugs to control infection |
antimicrobials | any drug, regardless of origen, that can inhibit or destroy microorganisms |
antibiotics | antimicrobial agents produced from natural sources |
semisynthetic drugs | drugs from natural sources that have been chemically modified |
synthetic drugs | drugs produced entirely by chemical reactions |
narrow spectrum | antimicrobials effective against a limited array of microbial types |
broad spectrum | antimicrobials effective against a wide variety of microbial types |
selectively toxic | kills or inhibits microbial cells without harming host tissues |
penicillinase | enzyme that destroys the beta-lactam ring |
plasmid | extrachromosomal genetic unit |
pili | bacterial appendage used in DNA exchange during bacterial conjugation |
penicillin | block cross-linking of peptidoglycan |
cephalosporin | most are resistant to penicillinases |
biomaterials such as catheters | possible site for biofilm formation |
penicillin, cephalosporin, vancomycin | target cell wall |