| A | B |
|---|
| Opium War | Conflict between Britain and China; 1839-1842; fought over British Opium trade in China; British win; Britain gains Hong Kong and Nanjing harbor |
| extraterritorial rights | exemption of foreign residents from following the laws of a country |
| Taiping Rebellion | mid 1800's NATIONALIST rebellion against Qing dynasty and foreign presence; led by Hong Xiuquan; goal of "heavenly wings"/harmony;10 yr. revolt; ends with Chinese defeat and 20 million deaths. |
| sphere of influence | foreign policy of industrial nation in which the imperialist nation's gov't has control over trade and other economic activities of less developed nation. |
| Open Door Policy | foreign policy idea of the USA; 1899; called for all nations to have equal opportunity to trade in China; saves China from becoming a COLONY; opens trade to all nations |
| Boxer Rebellion | Chinese rebellion against their dynastic gov't led by the Dowager Empress Cixi; 1900; rebels opposed foreigners' control of China; nationalist movement; unsuccessful |
| Meiji Era | 1867-1912; Japan; Emperor Mutsuhito ruled; end of feudalism; modernization + militarism+industrialization; Japan becomes an imperialist nation too! |
| Russo-Japanese War | 1904 – 1905; conflict between Russia and Japan; sparked by the 2 countries efforts to dominate Manchuria and Korea; Russia wants warm water ports and Japan wants raw materials |
| caudillo | Military dictator in Latin America |
| Monroe Doctrine | 1823; James Monroe (President); policy of opposition to European interference in Latin America |
| Spanish-American War | 1898; war between U.S. and Spain; U.S. supports Cubans fight for independence |
| Panama Canal | (1904-)1914 built by USA; connects Atlantic to Pacific Oceans; leased to the USA for 90 years; (returned in 1999) |
| Empress Cixi | Ruled China 1864-1908; she was only person at the top of the imperial palace; resisted reforms until end of reign, then supported reforms in education and modernized military |
| Emperor Mutsuhito | Emperor of Japan from 1867-1912; Established new Government for Japan; chose name “Meiji” (enlightened)for his reign;ends feudalism; adopted western ways; industrializes and modernized Japan; strengthens military |
| Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | 1833-1855; 1st President of Mexico ; leader against Spanish control; fought for Mexican independence;caudillo |
| Benito Juries (Juarez) | Mexico; mid 1800'sgenuine Liberal reformer; Zapotec Indian; influenced the politics of Mexico; encouraged annexation of Texas – failed; "La Reforma" program gave land to the peasants! |
| Porfirio Diaz | Mexico; 1867-1910; Indian from Oaxaco; fought against French; took control of Mexico with support of military (caudillo); offered land/power/political favor to his supporters; in power for 25 years; "Progress and ORDER" |
| Pancho Villa | Mexico1877-1923;"Robin Hood" of Mexico; took money from rich and gave to the poor; murdered 16 Americans to protest US involvement in Mexican Revolution |
| Emiliano Zapata | early 1900's; raised a powerful revolutionary army; wanted to see the land returned to peasants and small farmers; slogan= "land and liberty" |
| Hong Xiuquan | China; early/mid 1800's leader of the Taiping Rebellion; believed in "Harmony and Peace"; controled the city of Nanjing for 10 years...lost; nationalist leader opposed to emperor; sought to modernize China |
