| A | B |
|---|
| Who wrote the Bill of Rights? | James Madison |
| How many amendments were originally agreed upon by Congress in 1789? | 12 |
| How many amendments were ratified by the states in 1791? | 10(Bill of Rights) |
| What did the Lewis & Clark expedition achieve? | increased American knowledge of the Louisiana Territory and gave US claim to Oregon territory |
| What was the Tariff of 1789? | required importers to pay a percentage of the value of their cargo when they landed it in the US |
| Who helped as an interpreter for Lewis and Clark during their expedition? | a Shoshone woman named Sacagawea |
| How did the United States gain the Louisiana Territory? | Robert Livingston(ambassador to France) accepted a deal from Napoleon Bonaparte needing money for war in Europe, so France sold the Louisiana Territory and New Orleans to the US for $11.25 million because he did not want the US to ally with Great Britain |
| Who opposed the national Bank of United States? | opposed by Southerners because they claimed that Northern merchants would own most of the bank's stock and that it was unconstitutional |
| What was the land purchase from the French that more than doubled the size of the US? | Louisiana Purchase |
| What did the Federalists believe? | supported Hamilton's financial program, a strong national government-one of first political parties |
| What did the Democratic-Republicans(or Republicans) believe? | opposed Hamilton's financial program, believed in strength of independent farmers-led by Madison & Jefferson-one of first political parties |
| What American negotiated the purchase of the Louisiana Territory? | James Monroe |
| What reason did the Lewis and Clark expedition occur? | to trace the Missouri River and find a route to the Pacific Ocean |
| What is the Whiskey Rebellion? | Western Pennsylvania farmers that rebelled against a federal tax on whiskey which was used as a form of exchange(money) |
| What is the significance behind the Whiskey Rebellion? | the federal government had to establish its right to impose direct taxes on the people(authority of the federal government) |
| What did Jackson's supporters claim Adams and Clay did in order to win the Presidency? | a Corrupt bargain(Henry Clay backed Adams and then Adams appointed Clay as Secretary of State after he won the Presidency in 1824) |
| What did the Monroe Doctrine declare? | issued by President James Monroe in 1823 which proclaimed that European Powers would no longer interfere with or colonize independent nations of the Americas(in the Western Hemisphere) & US would not interfere in European affairs |
| How many Cherokee died when forced to leave their homes for Oklahoma? | over 4,000 |
| What provided money for relocating Native Americans & forced the Cherokee tribe to move to Oklahoma? | Indian Removal Act |
| What was the forced removal of Cherokee from their homes to Oklahoma called? | Trail of Tears |
| How did the Cherokee die along the "Trail of Tears"? | starvation, disease, and exposure |
| Who was president during the "Trail of Tears"? | Andrew Jackson |
| What court case tried to prevent the forced removal of the Cherokee? | the Cherokee of Georgia fought in the courts with Worcester v. Georgia which reached the Supreme Court |
| What was abolitionism? | the movement to end slavery |
| What groups were involved in the abolitionist movement? | Quakers, free African-Americans, church members, newspaper publishers |
| What were factors that led to President Jackson's decision to sign the Indian Removal Act? | Louisiana Purchase & moving them to the "wasteland"(Great Plains) would resolve conflicts with Native Americans |
| What theories were part of the Abolitionist Movement? | gradualism(slavery had to be ended gradually paying slave owners), colonization(send African Americans back to ancestral home), emancipation(freeing of all enslaved people immediatly) |
| What region of the United States did the Abolitionist Movement originate? | North |
| What was the ruling by John Marshall in McCulloch vs Maryland from the Supreme Court? | upheld constitutionality of the Bank of the United States(prohibited states from interfering with federal agencies) & provided Congress more flexibility to enact legislation(implied powers) |
| What was the ruling by John Marshall in McCulloch vs Maryland from the Supreme Court? | revoked an existing state monopoly, gave Congress the right to regulate interstate commerce(expanded federal powers) |
| Who is John Marshall? | Chief Justice of Supreme Court that made rulings in support of federal government over state governments |
| What is gradualism and who supported it? | belief that slavery had to be ended gradually by stopping new slaves from coming into country & by phasing out slavery in the different parts of the country by compensating slaveholders for their loss-supported by Baptists & Quakers |
| What did the American Colonization Society favor? | send African Americans back to their ancestral homelands in Africa because ending slavery would not end racism |
| What modern day country was formed by former slaves? | Liberia |
| How did the United States aquire Florida? | in 1818, US troops entered Florida under General Andrew Jackson intending to fight the Seminoles(Creek Indians)-he then disobeyed orders and seized Spanish settlements forcing Spain to eventually cede(give) Florida to US in the Adams-Onis Treaty |
| What was the name of the political party that supported Andrew Jackson? | Democratic-Republicans eventually shortened to Democrats |
| What is the Missouri Compromise? | passed in 1820-pairing the admission of free and slave states together to quiet the dispute over the expansion of slavery(slavery prohibited north of latitude 36 degrees 30') |
| How did John Marshall help to add to Federal Government power? | by ruling that states cannot interfere with federal agencies, provided Congress more flexibility to enact laws, expanded federal powers |
