| A | B |
|---|
| innate protection | nonspecific protection |
| acquired immunity | specific immunity |
| pepsin | enzyme, found in stomach, that provides nonspecific protection |
| lysozyme | enzyme, found in tears, that can disrupt bacterial cell walls |
| signs of inflammation | redness, warmth, swelling, and pain |
| vasoconstriction | blood vessels tighten |
| vasodilation | blood vessels expand |
| edema | swelling due to fluid build-up |
| neutrophil | first phagocyte to arrive in process of inflammation |
| macrophage | monocytes that have migrated into tissues |
| diapedesis | phagocyte's ability to migrate out of blood into tissue |
| chemotaxis | phagocyte ability to move toward direction of chemical stimulus |
| endogenous pyrogen | phagocytes |
| exogenous pyrogen | microorganisms |
| hypothalamus | endocrine gland that controls temperature |
| interferon | protein secreted by viral infected cell |
| complement | protein that aids in phagocytosis & inflammatory response |
| antigen | foreign substance |
| hapten | small molecule that is antigenic when attached to larger molecule |
| immunotolerance | recognition of self |
| autoimmune disease | failure to recognize self |
| thymus gland | site of T-cell differentiation |
| bone marrow | site of B-cell differentiation |
| T-cell (lymphocyte) | cell-mediated immunity |
| B-cell (lymphocyte) | antibody-mediated immunity |
| T-cell chemicals | lymphokines |
| antigen-presenting cell | brings antigen to cell's surface for T-cell interaction |
| Helper T-cell | stimulates B-cell to produce antibody |
| Killer T-cell | carries out cell-to-cell battle |
| Suppressor T-cell | regulates immune system by decreasing immune activities |
| Memory B-cell | retains information to produce antibodies on subsequent antigen exposures |
| plasma cells | antibody producing cell |
| complement fixation | results in lysing of cell |
| agglutination | clumping of antigens |
| IgG | immunoglobulin that can cross the placenta |
| IgA | immunoglobulin found in secretions of the sweat glands |
| IgM | first immunoglobulin to be formed in immune response |
| IgD | immunoglobulin important in activating B-cells |
| IgE | immunoglobulin associated with allergic reactions and worm infections |
| primary immune response | characterized by slower response and lower levels of antibodies |
| secondary immune response | characterized by faster response and higher levels of antibodies |
| antibody titer | used to determine the stage of infection |
| naturally acquired active immunity | long term immunity acquired from being exposed to live organisms |
| naturally acquired passive immunity | short-term immunity acquired from receiving antibodies from mother |
| artificially acquired active immunity | long-term immunity acquired from being exposed to dead or attenuated organisms |
| artificially acquired passive immunity | short-term immunity acquired from receiving antibodies from another host |
| vaccination | injection of dead or attenuated organisms to produce long-term immunity |
| gamma globulin | antibodies injected to produce short-term immunity |
| attenuated | weakened; thinned out |
