| A | B |
|---|
| algorithm | a set of step-by-step instructions for doing something |
| ballpark estimate | a rough estimate, a way to see if an answer is reasonable |
| certain | probability term that means it is 100% likely |
| column-addition method | algorithm that adds the digits of each place value separately and then trades until each column has only one digit |
| difference | answer you get when you subtract |
| digit | any one of the symbols 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, or 9 in our counting system |
| estimate | an answer close to actual answer; an approximation |
| expanded notation | writing a number as the sum of the digits' values |
| false number sentence | a number sentence that is not true |
| impossible | cannot happen, 0% probability |
| lattice method | very old algorithm that requires basic multiplication facts and a lattice diagram |
| magnitude estimate | a rough estimate of whether a number is in the tens, hundreds, thousands, etc |
| maximum | the greatest value or quantity |
| mean | adding several numbers and dividing the total by the number of addends |
| average | synonym for "mean" |
| median | middle value in a set of data |
| minimum | the least value or smallest number in a data set |
| minuend | in subtraction the number from which you subract: 19-5=14; 19 is the minuend |
| mode | value or values that occur most often in a data set |
| number sentence | two expressions with a relation symbol |
| open number sentence | a number sentence that has at least one variable |
| operation symbol | a symbol used to represent a specific math operation: + - * / |
| partial-differences method | subtraction algorithm where differences for each place value are added to get the final answer |
| partial-sums method | addition algorithm where sums for each place value are calculated then added to get the final answer |
| partial-products method | multiplication algorith where places for each factor are calculated and then these are added together to get the final product |
| partial-sums method | addition algorithm where you compute separate sums for each place value and then add those to get the final answer |
| true number sentence | a number sentence that states a correct fact |
| place value | a system that gives each digit a value by its position in a number |
| Probability Meter | tool used to show probability as a fraction, decimal and percent |
| range | difference between the maximum and the minimum in a data set |
| variable | a letter that represents a number |
| relation symbol | symbol used to describe similarities and differences between two quantities |
| sample | part of a population used to represent an entire population |
| solution | value (or values) for an open sentence that make that sentence true |
| subtrahend | the quantity (number) being removed in a subtraction problem |
| trade-first method | subtraction algorithm in which all regrouping is completed before any subraction is done |
