| A | B |
|---|
| renewable resource | can be replenished over a fairly short period of time (100 years or less) |
| nownrewable resource | takes millions of years to form and accumulate |
| fossil fuel | any hydrocarbon that can be used as a source of energy (coal, oil, natural gas) |
| coal | plan matrial metamorphosis's; occurs in swamps; four stages of development |
| peat | partially decayed plan material that may look like soil |
| lignite | soft brown coal; 70% pure carbon; sedimentary rock |
| bituminous | harder because of increased heat and pressure; 85% pure carbon, sedimentary rock |
| anthracite | hardest form, 90% pure carbon, metamorphic |
| acid rain | can have harmful effects on forests, aquatic ecosystems, metal, and stone structures |
| petroleum and natural gas | form from remains of plants and animals buried in ancient seas |
| oil trap | a geologic structure taht allows large amounts of fluids to accumulate; stops upward movement of oil and gas |
| tar sands | mixtures of clay and sand combined with water and varying amounts of a black, thick tar called bitumen |
| burning coal | creates huge air pollution problems |
| oil shale | rock that contains a waxy mixture of hydrocarbons called kerogen |
| ore | useful metallic mineral that can be mined for a profit |
| placer deposits | form when eroded heavy minerals settle quickly from moving water while less dense particles remain suspended and continue to move |
| gold | best known placer deposit |
| nonmetallic mineral resources | extracted and processed either for the nonmetallic elemtns they contain or for their physical and chemical properties |
