| A | B |
|---|
| cell | The basic unit of structure and function in living things. |
| microscope | An instrument that makes small objects look larger. |
| magnification | The ability to make things look larger than they are. |
| resolution | The ability to clearly distinguish the individual parts of an object. |
| organelle | A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell. |
| cell wall | A rigid layer of nonliving material that gives structure and support to plant cells. |
| cell membrane | A cell structure that controls which subtances can enter or leave the cell. |
| nucleus | A cell structure that directs all of the cell's activities. |
| chromatin | Material in cells that contain DNA and carries genetic information. |
| cytoplasm | A clear, thick, gel-like fluid found between the cell membrane and nucleus. |
| mitochondria | Rod-shaped cell structures that produce most of the energy needed to carry out the cell's functions. |
| endoplasmic reticulum | A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another. |
| ribosome | A small grain-like structure in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made. |
| Golgi body | A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell. |
| chloroplast | A structure in plant cells that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food. |
| vacuole | A water-filled sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area. |
| lysosome | A small round cell structure that contains chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones. |
| element | Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. |
| atom | The smallest unit of an element. |
| compound | Two or more elements that are chemically combined. |
| molecule | The smallest unit of most compounds. |
| carbohydrate | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as sugars and starches, that are made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| protein | Large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. |
| nucleic acid | A very large organic molecule made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus, that contains instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life. |
| lipid | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
