| A | B |
|---|
| photosynthesis | The process by which plants capture the energy in sunlight and use it to make food. |
| pigment | A colored chemical compound that absorbs light. |
| chlorophyll | A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria. |
| stomata | Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move. |
| autotroph | An organism that makes its own food. |
| heterotroph | An organism that cannot make its own food. |
| respiration | The process by which cells break down simple food molecules to release the energy they contain. |
| fermentation | The process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen. |
| cell cycle | The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo. |
| interphase | The stage of a cell cycle that takes place before cell division occurs; during this stage, the cell grows, copies its DNA, and prepares to divide. |
| replication | The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus. |
| mitosis | The stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one copy of the DNA is distributed to each daughter cell. |
| chromosome | A doubled rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information. |
| chromatid | One of the identical rods of a chromosome. |
| cytokinesis | The final stage of the cell cycle, in which the cell's cytoplasm divides, distributing the organelles into each of the two new cells. |
| cancer | A disease in which some body cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them. |
| mutation | A change in a gene or chromosome. |
| tumor | A mass of abnormal cells that develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably. |
| chemotherapy | The use of drugs to kill cancer cells. |
