| A | B |
|---|
| cell division | splitting of single cell into two cells |
| the three essential life processes | growth, repair, reproduction |
| differentiation | changes that take place in cells as they develop |
| regeneration | level of repair, which replaces a missing body part |
| asexual reproduction | offspring is produced by only one parent |
| sexual reproduction | produces offspring that have a combination of genetic material from two parent organisms |
| interphase | part of the cell cycle that occurs between divisions |
| replication | occurs when material makes copies of itself |
| chromatin | thin, fibrous form of the DNA and proteins that make up a chromosome |
| sister chromatids | two identical structures that result from chromosome replication(during S stage of interphase) |
| centromere | the point where sister chromatids are joined together |
| mitosis | the process during which a cell's nucleus divides into two identical nuclei |
| cytokinesis | process in which a cell's cytoplasm divides to make two daughter cells |
| prophase | first stage of mitosis-chromosomes in the nucleus condense, bridge of proteins into microtubules, mitotic spindle forms, nuclear membrane & nucleolus disappear |
| metaphase | 2nd stage of mitosis-chromosomes are pulled to the center of cell, they line up along metaphase plate(an imaginary line) |
| anaphase | third stage of mitosis-centromeres divide, the spindle disassemble pulling sister chromatids apart |
| telophase | last phase of mitosis-two daughter nuclei are formed, nuclear envelopes form around each set of chromosomes, furrow deepens, two distinct cells are formed |
| haploid | a cell with only one complete set of chromosomes(gamates or sex cells) |
| diploid | any cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes(almost all cells in your body) |
| meiosis | a type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half |
| homologous pair | a similar pair of chromosomes, one from the mother and one from the father |
| variation | differences between members of a population |
