| A | B |
|---|
| Aromatic Water | a solution of water containing oils or other substances that have a pungent, and usually pleasing smells and are easily released into the air |
| Caplet | a hybrid solid dosage formulation sharing characteristics of both a tablet and a capsule |
| Capsule | the dosage form containing powder, liquid, or granules in a gelatin covering |
| controlled-release dosage form | the dosage form that is formulated to release medication over a long duration of time; also called delayed release |
| cream | a cosmetically acceptable oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion for topical use on the skin |
| diluent | an inert filler substance added as an inactive ingredient in tablets and capsules |
| dispersion | a liquid dosage form in which undissolved ingredients are mixed throughout a liquid vehicle |
| dosage form | the physical manifestation of a drug (e.g., capsule, tablet) |
| drug delivery system | a design feature of the dosage form that affects the delivery of the drug; such a system may protect the stomach or delay the release of the active drug |
| effervescent salts | granular salts that release gas and dispense active ingredients into solution when placed in water |
| elixir | a clear, sweetened, flavored solution containing water and ethanol |
| emulsion | the dispersion of a liquid in another liquid varying in viscosity |
| enteric-coated tablet (ECT) | a tablet coated in a way designed to resist destruction by the acidic pH of the gastric fluids and to delay the release of the active |
| extract | a potent dosage form derived from animal or plant sources from which most or all the solvent has been evaporated to produce a powder, an ointment-like form, or a solid |
| film-coated tablet (FCT) | a tablet coated with a thin outer layer that prevents serious GI side effects |
| fluidextract | a tablet coated with a thin outer layer that prevents serious GI side effects |
| gel | a dispersion containing fine particles for topical use on the skin |
| granules | a dosage form larger than powders that are formed by adding very small amounts of liquid to powders |
| injection | the administration of a parenteral medication into the bloodstream, muscle, or skin |
| intrarespiratory route of administration | the administration of a drug by inhalation into the lungs; also called inhalation |
| intrauterine device | a device to deliver medication to prevent conception or to treat cancer within the uterus |
| intravenous (IV) infusion | the process of injecting fluid or medication into the veins, usually over a prolonged period of time |
| irrigating solution | any solution used for cleansing or bathing an area of the body, such as the eyes or ears |
| liniment | a medicated topical preparation for application to the skin, such as Ben Gay |
| local effect | the site-specific application of a drug |
| lotion | a liquid for topical application that contains insoluble dispersed solids or immiscible liquids |
| metered-dose inhaler (MDI) | a device used to administer a drug in the form of compressed gas through the mouth into the lungs |
| nasal route of administration | the placement of sprays or solutions into the nose |
| nebulizer | a device used to deliver medication in a fine-mist form to the lungs; often used in treating asthma |
| ocular route of administration | the placement of ophthalmic medications into the eye |
| oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion | an emulsion containing a small amount of oil dispersed in water, as in a cream |
| ointment | a semisolid emulsion for topical use on the skin |
| oral disintegrating tablet (ODT) | a solid oral dosage form designed to dissolve quickly on the tongue for oral absorption |
| oral route of administration | the administration of medication through swallowing for absorption along the GI tract into systemic circulation |
| oral syringe | a needleless device for administering medication to pediatric or older adult patients unable to swallow tablets or capsules |
| otic route of administration | the placement of solutions or suspensions into the ear |
| parenteral route of administration | the injection or infusion of fluids and/or medications into the body, bypassing the GI tract |
| parenteral solution | a product that is prepared in a sterile environment for administration by injection |
| paste | a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion containing more solid material than an ointment |
| patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) infusion device | a device used by a patient to deliver small doses of medication to the patient for chronic pain relief |
| plaster | a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion containing more solid material than an ointment |
| powders | fine particles of medication used in tablets and capsules |
| rectal route of administration | a way of getting a drug onto or into the body, such as orally, topically, or parenterally |
| solute | an ingredient dissolved in a solution or dispersed in a suspension |
| solution | a liquid dosage form in which the active ingredients are completely dissolved in a liquid vehicle |
| solvent | the vehicle that makes up the greater part of a solution |
| spirit | an alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution containing volatile, aromatic ingredients |
| spray | the dosage form that consists of a container with a valve assembly that, when activated, emits a fine dispersion of liquid, solid, or gaseous material |
| sublingual route of administration | oral administration in which a drug is placed under the tongue and is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream |
| sugar-coated tablet (SCT) | a tablet coated with an outside layer of sugar that protects the medication and improves both appearance and flavor |
| suppository | a solid formulation containing a drug for rectal or vaginal administration |
| suspension | the dispersion of a solid in a liquid |
| sustained-release (SR) dosage form | a delayed-release dosage form that allows less frequent dosing than an immediate-release dosage form |
| syrup | an aqueous solution thickened with a large amount of sugar (generally sucrose) or a sugar substitute such as sorbitol or propylene glycol |
| systemic effect | the distribution of a drug throughout the body by absorption into the bloodstream |
| tablet | the solid dosage form produced by compression and containing one or more active and inactive ingredients |
| tincture | an alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution of extractions from plants |
| topical route of administration | the administration of a drug on the skin or any mucous membrane such as the eyes, nose, ears, lungs, vagina, urethra, or rectum; usually administered directly to the surface of the skin |
| transdermal dosage form | a formulation designed to deliver a continuous supply of drug into the bloodstream by absorption through the skin via a patch or disk |
| urethral route of administration | the administration of a drug by insertion into the urethra |
| vaginal route of administration | the administration of a drug by application of a cream or insertion of a tablet into the vagina |
| water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion | an emulsion containing a small amount of water dispersed in an oil, such as an ointment |
