| A | B |
|---|
| light microscope | light passes through one or more lenses to produce an enlarged image of a specimen |
| electron microscope | forms an image of a specimen using a beam of electrons |
| magnification | the ability to make an image appear larger than actual size |
| resolution | a measure of the clarity of an image |
| scanning tunneling microscope | uses a needle-like probe to measure differences in voltage caused by electrons that leak, or tunnel, from the surface of the object being viewed |
| cell theory | the observations of Schleiden, schwann, and Virchow which consists of three parts |
| cell membrane | the outer boundary of a cell |
| cytoplasm | the cell interior which is enclosed by the cell membrane |
| cytoskeleton | structures suspended in the cytoplasm by microscopic fibers |
| ribosomes | cellular structures on which proteins are made |
| prokaryote | a single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and other internal compartments |
| cell wall | surrounds the cell membrane and provides structure and support |
| flagella | long, threadlike structures that protrude from the cell's surface and enable movement |
| eukaryote | an organism whose cells have a nucleus |
| nucleus | an internal compartment that houses the cell's DNA |
| organelle | a structure that carries out specific activites in the cell |
| cilia | short hair like structures that protrude from the surface of some eukaryotic cells |
| phospholipid | a lipid made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids |
| lipid bilayer | phospholipids that are arranged in a double layer |
| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | an extensive system of internal membranes that move proteins and other substances through the cell |
| golgi apparatus | a set of flattened, membrane-bound sacs that serves as the packaging and distribution center of the cell |
| lysosomes | small, sepherical organelles that contain the cell's digestive enzymes |
| mitochondria | an organelle that harvests energy from organic compounds to make ATP |
| chloroplasts | organelles that use light energy to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water |
| central vacuole | much of a plant's cell's volume is taken up by a large, membrane-bound space |
