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Chap 13 - States of Matter

Key terms to know to be successful in this chapter.

AB
AllotropeA structurally different form of an element,
Amorphous SolidA solid in which there is no long-range order of the positions of the atoms,
Atmospheric PressureThe pressure exerted by the atmosphere at the earth's surface. It has an average value of 1 atmosphere.,
BarometerAn instrument that measures atmospheric pressure.,
Boiling PointThe temperature at which a liquid will start to become a gas, and boil.,
CrystalA solid formed by the solidification of a chemical and having a highly regular atomic structure,
EvaporationIs a type of vaporization of a liquid, that occurs only on the surface of a liquid.,
Gas pressureThe pressure exerted by a gas,
GlassAny compound that has solidified from a molten state into a non-crystalline form.,
Kinetic EnergyThe energy of a body or a system with respect to the motion of the body or of the particles in the system.,
Kinetic TheoryA theory that gases consist of small particles in random motion,
Melting PointThe temperature below which a liquid turns into a solid,
Normal Boiling PointThe boiling point of an element or a substance is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid.,
PascalA unit of pressure equal to one newton per square meter,
Phase DiagramA phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions at which thermodynamically distinct phases can occur at equilibrium,
Standard AtmosphereA unit of pressure: the pressure that will support a column of mercury 760 mm high at sea level and 0 degrees centigrade,
SublimationA change directly from the solid to the gaseous state without becoming liquid,
Triple PointA temperature point at which a substance can be either a solid, liquid, or gas,
Unit CellThe simplest unit of a regular lattice.,
VacuumA space entirely devoid of matter.,
Vapor PressureThe pressure exerted by the molecules of a vapor, esp. that part of the total pressure exerted by vapor in a mixture of gases, as by water vapor in air.,
VaporizationThe rapid change of water into steam, esp. in a boiler.,
Atmosphere Conversion FactorsUse these to convert between different atmospheric units.,


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