| A | B |
|---|
| Technology 1877-1898 | Second Industrial Revolution fueled by steel, oil, electricity, telegraph |
| Growth of Railroads | U.S. linked coast to coast by railroads; 190,000 miles of track by 1890 |
| Growth of Labor Unions | Unions for both skilled and unskilled workers began to grow in this period |
| Knights of Labor | included skilled and unskilled workers - men and women wanted equal pay for equal work |
| American Federation of Labor | Craft union founded by Samuel Gompers encouraged use of strikes, boycotts to achieve collective bargaining |
| Rise of Big Business | Growth of huge corporations that created monopolies; large pools of money; new management methods |
| Farm Issues | Farmers concerned with tariffs, money issues |
| Child Labor | Growing concerns over working conditions for children in factories and mines |
| Growth of cities | Waves of immigrants and growth of business put strain on cities; lack of housing and sanitation |
| Problems of Immigration | Immigrants faced discrimination in housing and employment |
| Immigrants | Came from southern and eastern Europe were processed through Ellis Island; many were sent back |
| Immigration Restriction League | wanted law to keep those who could not read or write from entering US |
| African Americans | Southern blacks had to deal with Jim Crow Laws |
| Jim Crow Laws | restricted rights of African Americans living in the southern states |
| Civil Rights Act of 1875 | provided that all citizens of all races and colors were entitled to full and equal enjoyment of restaurants, hotels, trains, and all forms of entertainment |
| Native Americans | 1872: all western tribes had to relocate to government reservations |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | Limits on number of Chinese who could enter the U.S. |
| Gentlemen's Agreement | 1907: Japanese promised not to allow unskilled Japanese to come to US |
| Mexican Americans | Poorly paid; often migrant workers, encountered much discrimination |
| Collective Bargaining | Right desired by unions; allowed union representative to bargain with management for wages and terms of employment |
